End-of-Life Care: Medical Terminology for Ethical Decision-Making

Question 1

Which legal document specifies a person's preferences for their end-of-life care?

Accepted Answer

Living will

Answer

Power of attorney for healthcare

Answer

Organ donation registry

Answer

Hospice referral

Question 2

Palliative care is a type of care focused on:

Accepted Answer

Relieving pain and improving the quality of life for terminally ill patients

Answer

Curing or treating an underlying disease

Answer

Providing care at the end of life, including hospice care

Answer

Care that is only provided in hospital settings

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a type of advance directive?

Accepted Answer

Professional Guardianship

Answer

Living Will

Answer

Health Care Proxy

Answer

DNR Order

Question 4

In cases of futility, healthcare providers are ethically responsible to:

Accepted Answer

Have an open and honest conversation with the patient about treatment options

Answer

Continue treating the patient even if there is no hope of recovery

Answer

Override the patient's wishes and provide life-sustaining treatment

Answer

Abandon the patient and provide no further care

Question 5

The primary goal of bereavement counseling is to:

Accepted Answer

Help individuals cope with the loss of a loved one

Answer

Provide practical support and guidance

Answer

Accelerate the grieving process

Answer

Eliminate feelings of sadness and grief

Question 6

Which ethical principle focuses on preventing or avoiding harm to patients?

Accepted Answer

Non-maleficence

Answer

Beneficence

Answer

Autonomy

Answer

Justice

Question 7

The term used to describe the practice of intentionally ending a patient's life to relieve suffering is:

Accepted Answer

Euthanasia

Answer

Palliative care

Answer

Hospice care

Answer

Withholding/Withdrawing Treatment

Question 8

The process by which decisions about medical care are made on behalf of a patient who is unable to do so is referred to as:

Accepted Answer

Surrogate decision-making

Answer

Informed consent

Answer

Advance care planning

Answer

Palliative care

Question 9

What is the primary aim of palliative care in end-of-life situations?

Accepted Answer

Easing suffering

Answer

Extending life

Answer

Providing spiritual guidance

Answer

Facilitating organ donation

Question 10

What term describes the practice of not performing or stopping medical interventions to enable a patient's natural death?

Accepted Answer

Withholding or Withdrawing Life Support

Answer

Euthanasia

Answer

Hospice Care

Answer

Palliative Sedation

Question 11

What is the main purpose of a living will?

Accepted Answer

To indicate a person's preferences for medical treatment towards the end of life

Answer

To appoint a healthcare proxy to make decisions on their behalf

Answer

To provide legal consent for organ donation

Answer

To outline funeral arrangements

Question 12

What is the distinction between a 'do-not-resuscitate' (DNR) order and an 'allow natural death' (AND) order?

Accepted Answer

A DNR order prohibits any life-saving procedures, while an AND order permits comfort measures

Answer

An AND order prohibits any life-saving procedures, while a DNR order permits comfort measures

Answer

There is no difference between DNR and AND orders

Answer

Both DNR and AND orders prevent any medical interventions in an emergency

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT considered a type of palliative care?

Accepted Answer

Radiation therapy for cancer treatment

Answer

Physical therapy and rehabilitation

Answer

Counseling and emotional support

Answer

Occupational therapy for daily living activities

Question 14

Hospice care is specifically designed for patients:

Accepted Answer

With advanced illnesses and nearing the end of life

Answer

Diagnosed with terminal illnesses

Answer

Requiring intensive medical intervention

Answer

Receiving palliative care

Question 15

One disadvantage of advance care planning is:

Accepted Answer

Increased medical interventions and procedures

Answer

Improved communication between patients and healthcare providers

Answer

Reduced stress and anxiety for patients and families

Answer

Assurance that treatment preferences will be followed

Question 16

Which fundamental ethical principle emphasizes patient self-determination and choice in end-of-life care?

Accepted Answer

Autonomy

Answer

Beneficence

Answer

Non-maleficence

Answer

Justice

Question 17

The term for intentionally withholding or discontinuing non-beneficial medical treatments is:

Accepted Answer

Do Not Resuscitate (DNR)

Answer

Palliative care

Answer

Hospice care

Answer

Pain management

Question 18

Beneficence is the ethical principle that requires healthcare professionals to:

Accepted Answer

Act in the best interests of the patient

Answer

Respect the patient's autonomy

Answer

Avoid causing harm to the patient

Answer

Provide truthful information to the patient

Question 19

Which ethical principle emphasizes respect for patient autonomy in end-of-life decisions?

Accepted Answer

Autonomy

Answer

Non-maleficence

Answer

Justice

Answer

Beneficence

Question 20

Which type of healthcare facility specializes in providing comprehensive end-of-life care?

Accepted Answer

Hospice

Answer

Hospital

Answer

Rehabilitation Center

Answer

Nursing Home

Question 21

Which interdisciplinary healthcare team focuses on holistic care for patients facing end-of-life?

Accepted Answer

Palliative Care Team

Answer

Clergy Team

Answer

Nursing Team

Answer

Medical Team

Question 22

What term refers to the act of intentionally stopping or withholding life-sustaining treatments to facilitate a peaceful death?

Accepted Answer

Terminal Extubation

Answer

Intubation

Answer

Mechanical Ventilation

Answer

Tracheostomy

Question 23

What term describes the process of preparing a patient and their family for the end of life through emotional, spiritual, and practical support?

Accepted Answer

Advance Care Planning

Answer

Death Counseling

Answer

Hospice Care

Answer

Palliative Care

Question 24

Which ethical principle prioritizes respecting an individual's right to make decisions about their own healthcare, even if those choices may not be in their best medical interests?

Accepted Answer

Patient Autonomy

Answer

Beneficence

Answer

Justice

Answer

Non-maleficence

Question 25

Which of the following is NOT a primary goal of hospice care?

Accepted Answer

Curing the underlying illness

Answer

Respecting end-of-life wishes

Answer

Supporting emotional and spiritual needs

Answer

Providing comfort and symptom management

Question 26

Which of the following is a common physical symptom experienced by patients nearing the end of life?

Accepted Answer

Dyspnea

Answer

Hypertension

Answer

Bradycardia

Answer

Polyuria

Question 27

What is the primary role of a hospice interdisciplinary team?

Accepted Answer

To provide comprehensive medical, emotional, and spiritual care to patients and their families facing end-of-life challenges.

Answer

To make end-of-life decisions for patients

Question 28

Which of the following is an essential aspect of ethical decision-making in end-of-life care?

Accepted Answer

Upholding patient preferences and values

Answer

Adhering strictly to religious beliefs

Answer

Following medical recommendations without question

Answer

Relying solely on family input

Question 29

What ethical principle requires healthcare professionals to avoid causing harm to patients, even if it means withholding or withdrawing treatment?

Accepted Answer

Non-maleficence

Answer

Justice

Answer

Beneficence

Answer

Autonomy

Question 30

Which legal document outlines a patient's wishes regarding their end-of-life care?

Accepted Answer

Living Will

Answer

Medical Power of Attorney

Answer

POLST

Answer

DNR Order

Question 31

Which ethical principle emphasizes the duty to refrain from causing harm?

Accepted Answer

Non-maleficence

Answer

Justice

Answer

Beneficence

Answer

Autonomy

Question 32

What is the main objective of hospice care?

Accepted Answer

To provide comfort and support during the end of life

Answer

To extend life expectancy

Answer

To cure the underlying illness

Question 33

What is the primary focus of palliative care in end-of-life situations?

Accepted Answer

Improving quality of life and alleviating suffering

Answer

Extending life expectancy

Answer

Preparing for the patient's death

Answer

Providing spiritual guidance

Question 34

Which type of hospice care involves providing support and care in the patient's residence?

Accepted Answer

Hospice Home Care

Answer

Hospice Inpatient Care

Answer

Hospice Daycare

Answer

Hospice Respite Care

Question 35

What is the primary responsibility of a chaplain in the context of end-of-life care?

Accepted Answer

Providing spiritual support and guidance

Answer

Coordinating care plans and insurance

Answer

Administering medical treatments

Answer

Arranging legal matters

Question 36

In end-of-life care, which ethical principle prioritizes avoiding harm to patients?

Accepted Answer

Non-maleficence

Answer

Autonomy

Answer

Beneficence

Answer

Justice

Question 37

Which of the following is NOT a key component of a comprehensive Palliative Care Plan?

Accepted Answer

Curative treatment

Answer

Emotional and spiritual support

Answer

Pain relief

Answer

Symptom management

Question 38

What ethical principle emphasizes respecting the patient's wishes and decision-making capacity in end-of-life care?

Accepted Answer

Patient autonomy

Answer

Non-maleficence

Answer

Justice

Answer

Beneficence

Question 39

Which type of healthcare team is primarily responsible for collaborating and implementing end-of-life care decisions?

Accepted Answer

Interdisciplinary team

Answer

Social work team

Answer

Nursing team

Answer

Medical team

Question 40

What term describes the process of gradually reducing medical interventions and treatments near the end of life?

Accepted Answer

Medical deprescribing

Answer

Hospice care

Answer

Euthanasia

Answer

Palliative care

Question 41

Which communication technique is specifically designed to facilitate sensitive end-of-life conversations?

Accepted Answer

SPIKES Protocol

Answer

ABCDE Approach

Answer

NURSE Protocol

Answer

Five Wishes

Question 42

What is the abbreviation for the legal document that instructs healthcare professionals to withhold cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in the event of cardiac arrest?

Accepted Answer

DNR

Answer

ANC

Answer

POLST

Answer

DNI

Question 43

Which type of hospice care provides end-of-life support and services in the patient's own home?

Accepted Answer

Home hospice

Answer

Acute hospice

Answer

Respite hospice

Answer

Inpatient hospice

Question 44

What is the name of the federal law in the United States that protects patients' rights to make decisions about their own end-of-life care?

Accepted Answer

Patient Self-Determination Act

Answer

Hospice Medicare Benefit

Answer

Medicare Act

Answer

Affordable Care Act

Question 45

Which ethical principle emphasizes the duty to do no harm and prevent further suffering for a patient?

Accepted Answer

Non-maleficence

Answer

Beneficence

Answer

Autonomy

Answer

Justice

Question 46

A patient's decision to decline life-sustaining treatments and allow natural death to occur is known as a:

Accepted Answer

Do Not Resuscitate (DNR) order

Answer

Terminal care

Answer

Euthanasia

Answer

Palliative care

Question 47

Which of the following is NOT typically observed during the final stages of life?

Accepted Answer

Increased energy levels

Answer

Decreased appetite

Answer

Confusion and disorientation

Answer

Pain and discomfort

Question 48

Providing comfort and support to patients with a terminal illness, with a primary focus on improving their quality of life, is known as:

Accepted Answer

Palliative care

Answer

Hospice care

Answer

Curative care

Answer

Terminal care

Question 49

A physician informs a family that their loved one is expected to pass away within a few days. This situation is best described by the medical term:

Accepted Answer

Terminal

Answer

Critical

Answer

Acute

Answer

Chronic

Question 50

The ethical principle that emphasizes respecting a patient's right to make independent decisions about their healthcare, even if those decisions differ from the doctor's recommendations, is called:

Accepted Answer

Autonomy

Answer

Non-maleficence

Answer

Beneficence

Question 51

A patient experiencing severe physical pain at the end of life is referred to a specialized team for pain management and symptom control. This type of care is known as:

Accepted Answer

Palliative care

Answer

Terminal care

Answer

Hospice care

Answer

Curative care

Question 52

Withdrawing life-sustaining treatments with the intention of allowing a patient to die naturally is termed:

Accepted Answer

Passive euthanasia

Answer

Assisted suicide

Answer

Active euthanasia

Answer

Physician-assisted suicide

Question 53

When a family is facing difficult end-of-life decisions, which healthcare professional provides emotional support, guidance, and information to help them navigate this process?

Accepted Answer

Social worker

Answer

Pharmacist

Answer

Radiologist

Question 54

Which of the following statements is NOT a characteristic of hospice care?

Accepted Answer

Focuses on extending life as long as possible

Answer

Accepts patients with a life expectancy of six months or less

Answer

Offers support to patients and their families

Answer

Provides symptom management and comfort care