Digestive Disorders: Types, Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment

Question 1

Which of the following is NOT considered a risk factor for colorectal cancer?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin C deficiency

Answer

Family history

Answer

Low fiber diet

Answer

Physical inactivity

Question 2

What is the primary function of the large intestine?

Accepted Answer

Water absorption

Answer

Digestion of proteins

Answer

Absorption of nutrients

Answer

Production of digestive enzymes

Question 3

Which of the following enzymes is responsible for initiating the breakdown of carbohydrates in the digestive tract?

Accepted Answer

Amylase

Answer

Lipase

Answer

Protease

Answer

Sucrase

Question 4

Which of the following hormones is primarily responsible for stimulating gastric acid secretion?

Accepted Answer

Gastrin

Answer

Secretin

Answer

Cholecystokinin

Answer

Glucagon

Question 5

Which type of digestive disorder arises from chronic inflammation and ulceration of the stomach lining?

Accepted Answer

Peptic ulcer disease

Answer

Crohn's disease

Answer

Ulcerative colitis

Answer

Irritable bowel syndrome

Question 6

What is the primary treatment approach for Crohn's disease?

Accepted Answer

Medications to control inflammation and suppress the immune system

Answer

Surgical intervention

Answer

Dietary modifications to alleviate symptoms

Answer

Lifestyle changes to manage stress and improve overall well-being

Question 7

Which imaging technique is most commonly used to diagnose appendicitis?

Accepted Answer

Computed tomography (CT) scan

Answer

Upper gastrointestinal (GI) series

Answer

Barium enema

Answer

Ultrasound

Question 8

What is the main function of the large intestine?

Accepted Answer

Water absorption and waste elimination

Answer

Digestion of food

Answer

Absorption of nutrients

Answer

Production of digestive enzymes

Question 9

What is a common symptom of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)?

Accepted Answer

Abdominal pain and altered bowel habits

Answer

Nausea

Answer

Vomiting

Answer

Fever

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT a typical symptom of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)?

Accepted Answer

Weight loss

Answer

Heartburn

Answer

Regurgitation

Answer

Difficulty swallowing (dysphagia)

Question 11

Which is considered the most prevalent cause of peptic ulcer disease?

Accepted Answer

Helicobacter pylori infection

Answer

Excessive alcohol consumption

Answer

Regular use of aspirin or other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)

Answer

Cigarette smoking

Question 12

Which of the following is a well-established risk factor for developing Crohn's disease?

Accepted Answer

Family history of Crohn's disease

Answer

History of smoking

Answer

Obesity

Answer

Previous appendectomy

Question 13

Which type of malignancy is most commonly linked to ulcerative colitis?

Accepted Answer

Colon cancer

Answer

Breast cancer

Answer

Lung cancer

Answer

Prostate cancer

Question 14

Which of the following is a common clinical manifestation associated with esophageal varices?

Accepted Answer

Vomiting of blood (hematemesis)

Answer

Yellowing of the skin and eyes (jaundice)

Answer

Accumulation of fluid in the abdomen (ascites)

Answer

Impaired brain function (encephalopathy)

Question 15

Which of the following is the most common cause of acute inflammation of the gallbladder (cholecystitis)?

Accepted Answer

Gallstones

Answer

Bacterial infection

Answer

Physical trauma to the gallbladder

Answer

Congenital abnormalities in the structure of the gallbladder

Question 16

For the diagnosis of gastroparesis, which test is considered the gold standard?

Accepted Answer

Gastric emptying scan

Answer

Ultrasound

Answer

X-ray

Answer

CT scan

Question 17

Which symptom is most commonly associated with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)?

Accepted Answer

Heartburn

Answer

Abdominal pain

Answer

Vomiting

Answer

Diarrhea

Question 18

Which of the following is a typical symptom of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)?

Accepted Answer

Heartburn

Answer

Abdominal pain

Answer

Diarrhea

Answer

Nausea

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT a symptom of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)?

Accepted Answer

Hematemesis **(vomiting blood)**

Answer

Heartburn

Answer

Nausea

Answer

Dysphagia

Question 20

The primary cause of peptic ulcer disease is:

Accepted Answer

Helicobacter pylori infection

Answer

Excessive alcohol consumption

Answer

Stress

Answer

Spicy food

Question 21

The hormone that stimulates gastric acid secretion is:

Accepted Answer

Gastrin

Answer

Secretin

Answer

Cholecystokinin

Answer

Glucagon

Question 22

Which of the following is a function of the gallbladder?

Accepted Answer

Stores and concentrates bile

Answer

Secretes bile into the small intestine

Answer

Produces digestive enzymes

Answer

Metabolizes carbohydrates

Question 23

The ileocecal valve prevents:

Accepted Answer

Backflow of colonic contents into the small intestine

Answer

Digestion of carbohydrates in the large intestine

Answer

Absorption of water and electrolytes in the large intestine

Answer

Bacterial colonization of the small intestine

Question 24

Which of the following is an uncommon symptom of digestive disorders?

Accepted Answer

Headaches

Answer

Abdominal pain

Answer

Nausea and vomiting

Answer

Diarrhea

Question 25

Which enzyme secreted by the stomach is responsible for breaking down proteins?

Accepted Answer

Pepsin

Answer

Trypsin

Answer

Lipase

Answer

Amylase

Question 26

Which of the following is NOT a common symptom of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)?

Accepted Answer

Fever

Answer

Abdominal pain

Answer

Constipation

Answer

Diarrhea

Question 27

What is the surgical procedure to remove part of the large intestine called?

Accepted Answer

Colectomy

Answer

Appendectomy

Answer

Gastrectomy

Answer

Cholecystectomy

Question 28

Which of the following is a non-modifiable risk factor for developing colorectal cancer?

Accepted Answer

Age

Answer

Family history

Answer

Smoking

Answer

Obesity

Question 29

What type of digestive disorder primarily affects the large intestine and is characterized by inflammation and ulceration?

Accepted Answer

Ulcerative colitis

Answer

Crohn's disease

Answer

Irritable bowel syndrome

Answer

Celiac disease

Question 30

What is the primary function of the liver in the digestive process?

Accepted Answer

Production of bile

Answer

Secretion of digestive enzymes

Answer

Absorption of nutrients

Answer

Storage of glycogen

Question 31

Which of the following factors is NOT considered a risk factor for developing peptic ulcer disease?

Accepted Answer

High blood pressure

Answer

Helicobacter pylori infection

Answer

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) use

Answer

Smoking

Question 32

Which diagnostic test is commonly used to visualize the upper gastrointestinal tract and detect abnormalities?

Accepted Answer

Upper endoscopy

Answer

Colonoscopy

Answer

Barium enema

Answer

Capsule endoscopy

Question 33

What is the primary initial treatment approach for acute pancreatitis?

Accepted Answer

Intravenous fluids

Answer

Surgery

Answer

Pain medication

Answer

Antibiotics

Question 34

What is the primary role of the vagus nerve in the digestive system?

Accepted Answer

Stimulation of gastric acid secretion

Answer

Inhibition of gastric emptying

Answer

Enhancement of intestinal motility

Answer

Promotion of gallbladder contraction

Question 35

Which symptom is NOT typically associated with gastroparesis?

Accepted Answer

Diarrhea

Answer

Nausea and vomiting

Answer

Abdominal pain and bloating

Answer

Early satiety

Question 36

What is the main role of the pancreas in the digestive process?

Accepted Answer

Secretes enzymes to break down carbohydrates, proteins, and fats

Answer

Secretes bile to digest fats

Answer

Neutralizes stomach acid to create a favorable environment for enzymes

Question 37

Which hormone is responsible for stimulating the release of gastric juices?

Accepted Answer

Gastrin

Answer

Cholecystokinin

Answer

Secretin

Answer

Glucagon

Question 38

Which of the following digestive disorders is characterized by chronic inflammation of the colon?

Accepted Answer

Ulcerative colitis

Answer

Appendicitis

Answer

Gastritis

Answer

Irritable bowel syndrome

Question 39

What is the primary cause of lactose intolerance?

Accepted Answer

Deficiency of lactase enzyme

Answer

Allergic reaction to milk proteins

Answer

Overproduction of bile

Answer

Inflammation of the small intestine

Question 40

Which of the following is a common symptom of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)?

Accepted Answer

Heartburn

Answer

Diarrhea

Answer

Constipation

Answer

Abdominal pain

Question 41

Which diagnostic test is used to visualize the interior of the colon?

Accepted Answer

Colonoscopy

Answer

Upper endoscopy

Answer

X-ray

Answer

Ultrasound

Question 42

Which of the following medications is used to reduce stomach acid production?

Accepted Answer

Omeprazole

Answer

Metformin

Answer

Ibuprofen

Answer

Digoxin

Question 43

Which surgical procedure is used to remove a portion of the stomach?

Accepted Answer

Gastrectomy

Answer

Colectomy

Answer

Appendectomy

Answer

Laparoscopy

Question 44

What is the role of probiotics in digestive health?

Accepted Answer

They promote a healthy balance of gut bacteria

Answer

They increase stomach acid production

Answer

They stimulate the absorption of nutrients

Answer

They reduce the risk of colon cancer

Question 45

A patient presents with chronic abdominal pain, diarrhea, and weight loss.  They report a family history of inflammatory bowel disease.  Which of the following conditions is most likely the cause of their symptoms?

Accepted Answer

Crohn's disease

Answer

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)

Answer

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)

Answer

Peptic ulcer disease

Question 46

A patient with a history of alcoholism is admitted to the hospital with severe abdominal pain and vomiting.  They are diagnosed with pancreatitis. What is the primary mechanism by which alcohol contributes to pancreatitis?

Accepted Answer

Alcohol increases pancreatic secretions and enzymes, leading to duct obstruction and inflammation.

Answer

Alcohol reduces blood flow to the pancreas.

Answer

Alcohol directly damages pancreatic cells.

Question 47

A patient is experiencing frequent heartburn and regurgitation.  They are diagnosed with GERD. What is the most important lifestyle modification to recommend?

Accepted Answer

Weight loss, if overweight or obese

Answer

Avoidance of spicy foods

Answer

Regular exercise

Answer

Increased fiber intake

Question 48

A patient presents with severe abdominal pain, fever, and bloody diarrhea.  A stool sample reveals the presence of Clostridium difficile. What is the appropriate treatment?

Accepted Answer

Antibiotics targeted against C. difficile

Answer

Intravenous fluids and electrolytes

Answer

Antidiarrheal medications

Answer

Anti-inflammatory medications

Question 49

A patient with a history of peptic ulcer disease presents with hematemesis. What is the most likely cause of the bleeding?

Accepted Answer

Erosion of a blood vessel within the ulcer

Answer

Inflammation of the gastric mucosa

Answer

Spontaneous rupture of a gastric artery

Question 50

A patient reports frequent constipation and abdominal distention.  They are diagnosed with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). What is the primary focus of treatment for IBS?

Accepted Answer

Symptom management and lifestyle modifications

Answer

Antibiotics to target intestinal bacteria

Answer

Surgery to remove affected portions of the bowel

Answer

Immunosuppressive medications

Question 51

A patient is diagnosed with celiac disease. Which of the following dietary restrictions is essential for managing this condition?

Accepted Answer

Avoidance of gluten

Answer

Low-fiber diet

Answer

Lactose-free diet

Answer

Reduced fat intake

Question 52

A patient is experiencing jaundice, dark urine, and clay-colored stools.  They are diagnosed with obstructive jaundice. What is the most likely cause?

Accepted Answer

Blockage of the bile duct

Answer

Viral hepatitis

Answer

Inflammation of the liver

Answer

Excessive alcohol consumption

Question 53

A patient with a history of Crohn's disease presents with abdominal pain and bloody diarrhea.  A colonoscopy reveals strictures and ulcers in the terminal ileum. Which of the following medications is most likely to be prescribed?

Accepted Answer

Infliximab (a TNF-alpha inhibitor)

Answer

Metronidazole (an antibiotic)

Answer

Omeprazole (a proton pump inhibitor)

Question 54

A patient with a history of diverticulosis presents with severe abdominal pain, fever, and bloody stools. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

Diverticulitis

Answer

Crohn's disease

Answer

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)

Answer

Ulcerative colitis