Probability and Chance: Practice Quizzes for College Algebra Nursing Students

Question 1

A medication has a 0.7 probability of being effective. What is the probability that it will not be effective when administered to a patient?

Accepted Answer

0.3

Answer

0.7

Answer

0.9

Answer

0.1

Question 2

A hospital expansion project is estimated to have a probability of 0.8 of being completed on time. What is the probability that it will not be completed on time?

Accepted Answer

0.2

Answer

0.8

Answer

0.5

Answer

0.1

Question 3

A study indicates that 12% of patients undergoing a particular surgery experience complications. What is the probability that a randomly chosen patient will experience complications?

Accepted Answer

0.12

Answer

0.88

Answer

0.5

Answer

0.7

Question 4

A patient with a rare disease has a probability of 0.001 of recovering fully. If 1000 patients are diagnosed with the disease, what is the expected number of patients who will recover fully?

Accepted Answer

1

Answer

0.1

Answer

10

Answer

100

Question 5

A fair coin is tossed four times. What is the probability of obtaining exactly two heads?

Accepted Answer

1/16

Answer

1/8

Answer

1/4

Answer

1/2

Question 6

The probability that a patient will recover from a particular surgery is 0.8. What is the probability that the patient will not recover?

Accepted Answer

0.2

Answer

0.4

Answer

0.6

Answer

0.8

Question 7

The probability density function of a continuous random variable X is given by f(x) = 2x for 0 < x < 1. What is the probability that X will take a value between 0.25 and 0.75?

Accepted Answer

0.50

Answer

0.25

Answer

0.75

Answer

1.00

Question 8

The mean of a normal distribution is 100 and the standard deviation is 15. What is the probability that a randomly selected value from this distribution will be greater than 120?

Accepted Answer

0.8413

Answer

0.1587

Answer

0.3413

Answer

0.6587

Question 9

What is the probability of rolling a '3' on a standard six-sided die?

Accepted Answer

1/6

Answer

1/3

Answer

1/4

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT an axiom of probability?

Accepted Answer

The probability of an event can be negative.

Answer

The probability of the empty set is 0.

Answer

If two events are mutually exclusive, then the probability of their union is the sum of their probabilities.

Answer

The probability of the sample space is 1.

Question 11

What is the probability that a female patient has a certain disease if the prevalence of the disease in the female population is 12%?

Accepted Answer

0.12

Answer

0.18

Answer

0.06

Answer

0.24

Question 12

What is the complement of the event "A nurse is available to assist a patient"?

Accepted Answer

A nurse is not available to assist a patient.

Answer

A patient is waiting for assistance.

Answer

A nurse is assisting a patient.

Answer

A nurse is on break.

Question 13

The probability of a new medication being effective in treating a condition is 0.7. What is the probability that the medication will **not** be effective?

Accepted Answer

0.3

Answer

0.5

Answer

0.9

Answer

0.8

Question 14

Which of the following is an example of a discrete probability distribution?

Accepted Answer

The number of patients seen by a nurse in a clinic each day.

Answer

The weight of patients in a hospital.

Answer

The height of patients in a population.

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT a key characteristic of the normal distribution?

Accepted Answer

The distribution is skewed.

Answer

The distribution is bell-shaped.

Answer

The standard deviation is positive.

Answer

The mean is equal to the median.

Question 16

What is the probability of obtaining a z-score less than -2?

Accepted Answer

0.0228

Answer

0.9772

Answer

1.0000

Answer

0.1587

Question 17

Which of the following is a benefit of using a probability distribution to model a random variable in healthcare?

Accepted Answer

It allows for the prediction of patient outcomes.

Answer

It is always accurate.

Answer

It eliminates uncertainty.

Answer

It guarantees a specific outcome.

Question 18

A nurse draws blood from a patient. The probability of drawing the correct amount of blood on the first try is 0.8. What is the probability of drawing the incorrect amount of blood on the first try?

Accepted Answer

0.2

Answer

0.5

Answer

1.0

Question 19

A patient has a 20% chance of developing a certain condition. What is the probability that the patient will not develop the condition?

Accepted Answer

0.8

Answer

0.5

Answer

0.2

Question 20

A nurse administers a medication to a patient. The probability of the patient experiencing an adverse reaction to the medication is 10%. What is the probability that the patient will not experience an adverse reaction?

Accepted Answer

0.9

Answer

0.5

Answer

0.1

Question 21

A group of 100 patients is tested for a certain disease. The probability of a patient testing positive for the disease is 10%. What is the probability that at least one patient will test positive for the disease?

Accepted Answer

1 - 0.9^100

Answer

0.9^100

Answer

0.1

Question 22

A nurse selects a sample of 5 patients from a population of 100 patients. The prevalence of a certain condition in the population is 20%. What is the probability of selecting a sample that contains at least one patient with the condition?

Accepted Answer

1 - (0.8)^5

Answer

0.2

Answer

(0.8)^5

Question 23

A nurse assesses a patient's risk of developing a certain complication. The probability of the complication occurring is 10%. The nurse also knows that the probability of the complication occurring if the patient has a certain risk factor is 30%. What is the probability that the patient has the risk factor?

Accepted Answer

0.3/0.1

Answer

0.2

Answer

1

Question 24

A nurse is administering two different medications to a patient. The probability of the first medication causing side effects is 0.1, and the probability of the second medication causing side effects is 0.2. What is the probability that the patient will experience side effects from at least one of the medications?

Accepted Answer

0.28

Answer

0.20

Answer

0.10

Answer

0.40

Question 25

A study found that the probability of developing a certain disease is 0.05. If a group of 500 people is tested, how many people are expected to develop the disease?

Accepted Answer

25

Answer

200

Answer

100

Answer

50

Question 26

A fair coin is flipped three times. What is the probability of getting at least one head?

Accepted Answer

7/8

Answer

1/4

Answer

1/8

Answer

1/2

Question 27

A six-sided die is rolled. Find the probability of rolling an even number.

Accepted Answer

1/2

Answer

1/3

Answer

1/4

Question 28

The probability of a patient recovering from a surgery is 0.8. Calculate the probability of 5 out of 10 patients recovering from the surgery, assuming independence.

Accepted Answer

(0.8)^5

Answer

(0.8)^10

Answer

(0.8)^-5

Answer

(0.8)^-10

Question 29

Two events, A and B, are independent. If P(A) = 0.4 and P(B) = 0.6, calculate the probability of both events occurring (P(A and B)).

Accepted Answer

0.24

Answer

0.64

Answer

0.10

Question 30

A survey of 1000 people found that 600 people own a cat and 400 people own a dog. If 200 people own both a cat and a dog, calculate the probability that a randomly selected person from the survey owns either a cat or a dog (or both).

Accepted Answer

0.8

Answer

0.6

Answer

0.2

Answer

0.4

Question 31

A medication has a 10% chance of causing an allergic reaction in a patient. What is the probability that the patient will NOT experience an allergic reaction?

Accepted Answer

0.9

Answer

0.1

Answer

0.5

Answer

1

Question 32

A patient has a 20% chance of developing a post-operative infection after each surgery. If the patient undergoes 5 surgeries, what is the probability that the patient will develop at least one post-operative infection?

Accepted Answer

0.672

Answer

0.5

Answer

0.26

Answer

1

Question 33

In a research study, 100 patients are randomly assigned to receive a new drug, and 100 patients receive a placebo. What is the probability that a randomly selected patient from the study group received the new drug?

Accepted Answer

0.5

Answer

1

Answer

0.75

Answer

0.25

Question 34

The probability of a patient developing an allergic reaction to a blood transfusion is 0.01. What is the probability that the patient will NOT develop an allergic reaction?

Accepted Answer

0.99

Answer

1

Answer

0.5

Answer

0.01

Question 35

A nurse is attempting to insert an IV catheter into a patient's vein. The probability of successful insertion on the first attempt is 0.7. What is the probability that the nurse will need to attempt the insertion more than once?

Accepted Answer

0.3

Answer

0.7

Answer

0.5

Question 36

A bag contains 5 red marbles, 3 blue marbles, and 2 green marbles. What is the probability of randomly selecting a blue marble?

Accepted Answer

3/10

Answer

1/2

Answer

1/5

Question 37

A fair coin is flipped twice. What is the probability of getting two heads in a row?

Accepted Answer

1/4

Answer

1/8

Answer

1/2

Answer

1/3

Question 38

A standard deck of 52 cards is shuffled, and a single card is drawn at random. What is the probability of drawing a heart or a king?

Accepted Answer

16/52

Answer

13/52

Answer

4/52

Answer

1/52

Question 39

A bag contains 4 red balls and 6 blue balls. Two balls are drawn randomly without replacement. What is the probability that both balls drawn are red?

Accepted Answer

2/15

Answer

1/3

Answer

1/10

Answer

1/5

Question 40

In a survey of 100 patients, 60 were found to have high blood pressure. What is the probability that a randomly selected patient from this group will have high blood pressure?

Accepted Answer

0.6

Answer

0.3

Answer

0.4

Answer

0.7

Question 41

A patient has a 20% chance of developing a specific complication after surgery. What is the probability that the patient will NOT develop this complication?

Accepted Answer

0.8

Answer

0.2

Answer

0.5

Answer

0.1

Question 42

Two events are considered independent if:

Accepted Answer

The outcome of one event does not influence the probability of the other event.

Answer

The events have the same probability.

Answer

The events are mutually exclusive.

Question 43

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a probability distribution?

Accepted Answer

The sum of all probabilities must be greater than 1.

Answer

The events must be mutually exclusive.

Answer

The probability of each event must be between 0 and 1.

Question 44

A medical study found that 5% of patients taking a new drug experience side effects. If 100 patients take the drug, approximately how many would you expect to experience side effects?

Accepted Answer

5

Answer

1

Answer

20

Answer

10

Question 45

A nurse is preparing to administer medication to a patient. There is a 1 in 10,000 chance of a severe allergic reaction to this medication. What is the probability, expressed as a percentage, that the patient will NOT have a severe allergic reaction?

Accepted Answer

99.99%

Answer

1%

Answer

10%

Answer

0.01%

Question 46

A study found that 80% of patients who receive a specific type of physical therapy experience reduced back pain. If 200 patients receive this therapy, how many are expected to experience reduced back pain?

Accepted Answer

160

Answer

40

Answer

100

Answer

180

Question 47

A researcher wants to study the effectiveness of a new drug. They randomly assign 100 participants to either a treatment group or a control group. This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

A randomized controlled experiment

Answer

A convenience sample

Answer

A deterministic event

Answer

An observational study

Question 48

In a standard deck of 52 cards, what is the probability of drawing a heart or a face card (Jack, Queen, or King)?

Accepted Answer

11/26

Answer

1/4

Answer

1/2

Answer

3/13

Question 49

If the probability of a patient developing a specific complication after surgery is 0.05, what are the odds against developing the complication?

Accepted Answer

19:1

Answer

1:5

Answer

95:5

Answer

1:20

Question 50

A hospital is monitoring the number of patients admitted to the emergency room each hour. This type of data is best described as:

Accepted Answer

Discrete

Answer

Ordinal

Answer

Qualitative

Answer

Continuous

Question 51

A new diagnostic test for a disease has a sensitivity of 90%. This means that:

Accepted Answer

The test correctly identifies 90% of people who have the disease.

Answer

10% of people who test positive for the disease actually have it.

Answer

The test has a 90% chance of being accurate.

Answer

The test correctly identifies 90% of people who do not have the disease.

Question 52

A study found that there is a correlation between the amount of exercise people get and their risk of heart disease. This means that:

Accepted Answer

Exercise and heart disease risk are related, but one does not necessarily cause the other.

Answer

Exercise directly causes a decrease in heart disease risk.

Answer

People who exercise more are guaranteed to have a lower risk of heart disease.

Answer

There is no relationship between exercise and heart disease risk.