Fluid Machinery: Pumps, Turbines, and Compressors - Online Learning Quizzes

Question 1

Identify the pump that operates based on the principle of positive displacement:

Accepted Answer

Reciprocating piston pump

Answer

Centrifugal pump

Answer

Axial flow pump

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT a type of fluid machinery?

Accepted Answer

Transmitters

Answer

Pumps

Answer

Turbines

Answer

Compressors

Question 3

In a centrifugal pump, the head developed is primarily determined by:

Accepted Answer

Impeller speed

Answer

Blade angle

Answer

Flow rate

Answer

Fluid viscosity

Question 4

Which of the following statements about turbines is accurate?

Accepted Answer

They convert kinetic energy of a fluid into mechanical energy

Answer

They convert potential energy of a fluid into kinetic energy

Answer

They convert electrical energy into mechanical energy

Answer

They convert mechanical energy into potential energy

Question 5

The specific speed of a pump is a dimensionless parameter that characterizes:

Accepted Answer

Pump size and impeller speed

Answer

Pump efficiency and head

Answer

Pump flow rate and head

Answer

Pump power and efficiency

Question 6

Which of the following is an example of a positive displacement pump?

Accepted Answer

Gear pump

Answer

Centrifugal pump

Answer

Axial-flow pump

Answer

Pelton turbine

Question 7

Which type of turbine offers a larger flow capacity compared to radial-flow turbines?

Accepted Answer

Axial-flow turbine

Answer

Pelton turbine

Answer

Cross-flow turbine

Answer

Francis turbine

Question 8

The specific speed of a pump is a dimensionless parameter that characterizes its performance. Which of the following is the unit of specific speed?

Accepted Answer

(m³/h) / (rpm^{3/4})

Answer

m / (s^3/4)

Answer

m/s

Answer

rpm

Question 9

Which of the following is the most common performance coefficient used for pumps?

Accepted Answer

Efficiency

Answer

Head coefficient

Answer

Power coefficient

Answer

Suction specific speed

Question 10

In fluid machinery, the term "cavitation" refers to:

Accepted Answer

The formation of vapor bubbles in a flowing liquid

Answer

The separation of a boundary layer from a surface

Answer

The reduction of pressure below the vapor pressure of the fluid

Answer

The increase in temperature of a fluid due to friction

Question 11

Which type of fluid machinery is primarily used for removing unwanted fluids or contaminants from a system?

Accepted Answer

Filter

Answer

Pump

Answer

Turbine

Answer

Compressor

Question 12

The operating principle of a centrifugal pump involves the conversion of:

Accepted Answer

Rotational kinetic energy to pressure energy

Answer

Translational kinetic energy to pressure energy

Answer

Pressure energy to kinetic energy

Answer

Electrical energy to kinetic energy

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT a type of fluid machinery used to transfer energy or work?

Accepted Answer

Generator

Answer

Pump

Answer

Turbine

Answer

Compressor

Question 14

What is the primary function of a pump?

Accepted Answer

To increase the pressure of a fluid

Answer

To decrease the pressure of a fluid

Answer

To circulate a fluid

Answer

To compress a fluid

Question 15

What is the purpose of a diffuser in a centrifugal compressor?

Accepted Answer

To convert kinetic energy to pressure energy

Answer

To convert pressure energy to kinetic energy

Answer

To increase the flow rate

Answer

To reduce the pressure

Question 16

What is the specific speed of a turbine?

Accepted Answer

A measure of the turbine's power output divided by the speed and head

Answer

A measure of the turbine's rotational speed

Answer

A measure of the turbine's efficiency

Answer

A measure of the turbine's head

Question 17

Which type of fluid machinery is used to increase the pressure of air used in pneumatic systems?

Accepted Answer

Compressor

Answer

Pump

Answer

Turbine

Answer

Fan

Question 18

Which of the following is a common application for axial compressors?

Accepted Answer

Jet engines

Answer

Refrigerators

Answer

Water pumps

Answer

Power plants

Question 19

Which of the following is explicitly **not** a positive displacement pump?

Accepted Answer

Centrifugal pump

Answer

Diaphragm pump

Answer

Gear pump

Answer

Piston pump

Question 20

The efficiency of a turbine, often denoted by the Greek letter 'eta' (η), is best defined as the ratio of:

Accepted Answer

Power output to power input

Answer

Pressure gain to pressure loss

Answer

Flow rate output to flow rate input

Answer

Head gain to head loss

Question 21

In a hydroelectric power plant, the primary purpose of a surge tank is to:

Accepted Answer

Prevent water hammer

Answer

Regulate water flow

Answer

Store energy

Answer

Reduce noise

Question 22

A defining characteristic of a cavitating flow is the:

Accepted Answer

Formation of vapor bubbles

Answer

Increase in pressure

Answer

Decrease in efficiency

Answer

Noise generation

Question 23

A major advantage of employing a multi-stage axial flow compressor is:

Accepted Answer

Higher pressure ratios

Answer

Smaller size

Answer

Reduced noise

Answer

Lower efficiency

Question 24

The primary purpose of a draft tube in a turbine is to:

Accepted Answer

Convert kinetic energy into pressure energy

Answer

Increase the pressure of the water entering the turbine

Answer

Decrease the pressure of the water leaving the turbine

Answer

Act as a bearing for the turbine shaft

Question 25

What is the primary function of a pump?

Accepted Answer

Transferring fluids from low-pressure to high-pressure zones

Answer

Converting potential energy to kinetic energy

Answer

Increasing the flow rate of a fluid

Answer

Reducing the temperature of a fluid

Question 26

Which type of pump is best suited for applications requiring high pressure and low flow rates?

Accepted Answer

Positive displacement pump

Answer

Centrifugal pump

Answer

Axial pump

Answer

Mixed-flow pump

Question 27

Which key design parameter influences the pressure ratio, capacity, and efficiency of a compressor?

Accepted Answer

Blade geometry

Answer

Rotational speed

Answer

Inlet temperature

Answer

Volute shape

Question 28

What is the fundamental distinction between positive displacement and dynamic compressors?

Accepted Answer

Positive displacement compressors trap and compress the fluid, while dynamic compressors accelerate the fluid

Answer

Dynamic compressors trap and compress the fluid, while positive displacement compressors accelerate the fluid

Answer

Positive displacement compressors operate at low pressures, while dynamic compressors operate at high pressures

Answer

Dynamic compressors operate at low pressures, while positive displacement compressors operate at high pressures

Question 29

What is the primary concern associated with cavitation in fluid machinery?

Accepted Answer

Reduced efficiency and potential damage to components

Answer

Enhanced performance and increased lifespan

Answer

Occurrence exclusively in high-pressure systems

Answer

Negligible impact on fluid machinery operation

Question 30

Which type of turbine relies on the impulse of water jets to generate power?

Accepted Answer

Pelton turbine

Answer

Francis turbine

Answer

Kaplan turbine

Answer

Propeller turbine

Question 31

Which dimensionless parameter is commonly used to characterize the performance of centrifugal pumps?

Accepted Answer

Specific speed

Answer

Reynolds number

Answer

Euler number

Answer

Weber number

Question 32

Which of the following accurately describes the primary function of a pump?

Accepted Answer

Increasing the pressure of a fluid

Answer

Decreasing the pressure of a fluid

Answer

Moving fluid from one location to another

Answer

Converting electrical energy into mechanical energy

Question 33

How can positive displacement pumps be distinguished from centrifugal pumps based on their operation?

Accepted Answer

Positive displacement pumps release fluid in discrete volumes, whereas centrifugal pumps discharge fluid continuously

Answer

Centrifugal pumps release fluid in discrete volumes, whereas positive displacement pumps discharge fluid continuously

Answer

Both pump types operate based on the same principle

Answer

Positive displacement pumps have superior efficiency compared to centrifugal pumps

Question 34

What is the purpose of determining a pump's specific speed?

Accepted Answer

To establish a dimensionless parameter that characterizes pump performance

Answer

To quantify the pump's speed in revolutions per minute

Answer

To measure the pressure change across the pump

Answer

To determine the pump's efficiency

Question 35

Identify a prominent application of turbines.

Accepted Answer

Power generation

Answer

Pumping water

Answer

Air conditioning systems

Answer

Refrigeration systems

Question 36

Explain the fundamental difference between impulse and reaction turbines.

Accepted Answer

Impulse turbines convert pressure energy into kinetic energy, while reaction turbines convert kinetic energy into pressure energy

Answer

Reaction turbines convert pressure energy into kinetic energy, while impulse turbines convert kinetic energy into pressure energy

Answer

Both turbine types operate on the same principle

Answer

Impulse turbines are inherently more efficient than reaction turbines

Question 37

What is the significance of the head developed by a compressor?

Accepted Answer

It measures the pressure difference generated by the compressor

Answer

It represents the height to which the compressor can elevate a liquid

Answer

It indicates the efficiency of the compressor

Answer

It measures the power output of the compressor

Question 38

What is the primary function of a diffuser in a fluid machinery system?

Accepted Answer

To convert kinetic energy into pressure energy

Answer

To convert pressure energy into kinetic energy

Answer

To increase fluid velocity

Answer

To decrease fluid pressure

Question 39

Which of the following is a type of hydrodynamic coupling?

Accepted Answer

Both Föttinger and Vulcan-Sinclair

Answer

Föttinger

Answer

Vulcan-Sinclair

Answer

Neither Föttinger nor Vulcan-Sinclair

Question 40

What is the main advantage of using a multi-stage compressor?

Accepted Answer

Achieving higher pressure ratios

Answer

Improving efficiency

Answer

Reducing physical size

Answer

Lowering noise levels

Question 41

What is the primary function of a centrifugal pump?

Accepted Answer

To increase the pressure of a fluid

Answer

To decrease the pressure of a fluid

Answer

To change the direction of a fluid flow

Answer

To separate solids from a fluid

Question 42

What is the purpose of a diffuser in a compressor?

Accepted Answer

To increase the pressure of the fluid

Answer

To increase the velocity of the fluid

Answer

To decrease the velocity of the fluid

Answer

To change the direction of the fluid flow

Question 43

Which type of turbine is most suitable for high-head, low-flow applications?

Accepted Answer

Pelton turbine

Answer

Francis turbine

Answer

Kaplan turbine

Answer

Propeller turbine

Question 44

What is the significance of the specific speed of a pump?

Accepted Answer

It indicates the suitability of a pump for a particular application

Answer

It is a measure of the pump's efficiency

Answer

It determines the maximum pressure that the pump can develop

Answer

It is a measure of the pump's capacity

Question 45

The primary function of a pump is to:

Accepted Answer

Convert mechanical energy into fluid energy

Answer

Convert fluid energy into mechanical energy

Answer

Increase the temperature of a fluid

Answer

Decrease the pressure of a fluid

Question 46

The efficiency of a turbine is defined as the ratio of:

Accepted Answer

Output power to input power

Answer

Input power to output power

Answer

Flow rate to head

Answer

Head to flow rate

Question 47

Axial-flow turbines are typically used in applications where:

Accepted Answer

High flow rates and low heads

Answer

Low flow rates and high heads

Answer

Constant flow rates and variable heads

Answer

Variable flow rates and constant heads

Question 48

The primary purpose of a compressor is to:

Accepted Answer

Increase the pressure of a gas

Answer

Decrease the temperature of a gas

Answer

Convert mechanical energy into gas energy

Answer

Convert gas energy into mechanical energy

Question 49

Which type of compressor has constant displacement and variable pressure ratio?

Accepted Answer

Reciprocating compressor

Answer

Axial-flow compressor

Answer

Centrifugal compressor

Answer

Mixed-flow compressor

Question 50

The power required to drive a centrifugal pump is:

Accepted Answer

Proportional to the product of flow rate and head

Answer

Proportional to the flow rate squared

Answer

Proportional to the head squared

Answer

Independent of flow rate and head

Question 51

The specific speed of a pump is a dimensionless parameter that indicates:

Accepted Answer

The operating range of the pump

Answer

The efficiency of the pump

Answer

The cavitation characteristics of the pump

Answer

The material of construction of the pump

Question 52

Affinity laws for fluid machinery relate:

Accepted Answer

Flow rate, head, and power to pump/turbine size

Answer

Pressure, temperature, and velocity to fluid properties

Answer

Efficiency, cavitation number, and specific speed to impeller design

Answer

Material strength, operating speed, and safety factors to machine specifications

Question 53

Which of the following is NOT a major type of pump?

Accepted Answer

Diaphragm

Answer

Centrifugal

Answer

Axial

Answer

Reciprocating

Question 54

What is the primary function of a hydraulic turbine?

Accepted Answer

To convert fluid energy into mechanical energy

Answer

To convert mechanical energy into fluid energy

Answer

To control the flow of fluid

Answer

To separate solids from fluids

Question 55

What is the key difference between a positive displacement pump and a non-positive displacement pump?

Accepted Answer

Positive displacement pumps have a constant flow rate, while non-positive displacement pumps have a variable flow rate

Answer

Positive displacement pumps can handle solids, while non-positive displacement pumps cannot

Answer

Non-positive displacement pumps are more efficient than positive displacement pumps

Answer

Positive displacement pumps are always centrifugal, while non-positive displacement pumps are not

Question 56

What is the role of a nozzle in a hydraulic turbine?

Accepted Answer

To control the flow of fluid through the turbine

Answer

To convert fluid energy into mechanical energy

Answer

To increase the pressure of the fluid entering the turbine

Answer

To decrease the pressure of the fluid exiting the turbine

Question 57

Fluid transients in machinery systems can cause several problems. Which of these is NOT a typical consequence?

Accepted Answer

Improved efficiency

Answer

Pressure surges

Answer

Water hammer

Answer

Increased vibration and noise

Question 58

The specific speed of a turbine is primarily influenced by:

Accepted Answer

Turbine head and flow rate

Answer

Turbine efficiency and shaft speed

Answer

Turbine blade angle and fluid density

Answer

Turbine size and operating conditions

Question 59

Which of the following compressors is known for its energy efficiency and low noise production?

Accepted Answer

Scroll compressor

Answer

Reciprocating compressor

Answer

Centrifugal compressor

Answer

Axial compressor

Question 60

The head-capacity curve of a pump depicts:

Accepted Answer

The correlation between pump pressure and flow rate

Answer

The relationship between pump efficiency and discharge pressure

Answer

The correlation between pump shaft power and speed

Answer

The relationship between pump cavitation and suction pressure

Question 61

For a turbine, maximum efficiency is achieved when:

Accepted Answer

The flow rate through the turbine matches the design flow rate

Answer

Turbine speed is at its highest

Answer

Turbine operates at its highest possible head

Answer

Turbine operates at its lowest possible head

Question 62

The surge phenomenon in a compressor occurs when:

Accepted Answer

The flow rate through the compressor drops below a critical value

Answer

The pressure ratio across the compressor exceeds a critical value

Answer

The compressor speed is increased too rapidly

Answer

The discharge pressure of the compressor is too low

Question 63

The primary distinction between a Pelton turbine and a Francis turbine lies in their:

Accepted Answer

Runner shape

Answer

Type of fluid used

Answer

Number of blades

Answer

Operating head range

Question 64

The primary function of a seal in a compressor is to:

Accepted Answer

Prevent fluid leakage

Answer

Lubricate moving parts

Answer

Cool the compressor

Answer

Control the flow rate