Systems: A Comprehensive Guide for Electrical Engineering Students

Question 1

Which characteristic is NOT common to all systems?

Accepted Answer

Deterministic behavior

Answer

Input-output relationship

Answer

State variables

Answer

Causality

Question 2

In an LTI system, the output y(t) resulting from an input x(t) and an impulse response h(t) can be expressed as:

Accepted Answer

x(t) ⊗ h(t)

Answer

x(t) / h(t)

Answer

x(t) + h(t)

Answer

x(t) - h(t)

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a valid system response type?

Accepted Answer

Random response

Answer

Transient response

Answer

Steady-state response

Answer

Impulse response

Question 4

Which method is NOT used to represent systems?

Accepted Answer

Frequency domain analysis

Answer

Block diagrams

Answer

Transfer functions

Answer

Differential equations

Question 5

In a continuous-time system, an input signal x(t) = sin(2πt) results in an output signal y(t) = 2sin(2πt + π/4). The phase shift introduced by the system is:

Accepted Answer

π/4 radians

Answer

π/2 radians

Answer

π radians

Answer

3π/4 radians

Question 6

A system with an impulse response h(t) = δ(t - 1) is referred to as a:

Accepted Answer

Delay system

Answer

First-order system

Answer

Integrator system

Answer

Differentiator system

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT a fundamental characteristic of a system?

Accepted Answer

Reversibility

Answer

Input-output relationship

Answer

State

Answer

Interdependence

Question 8

A system with an impulse response of δ(t) is called a:

Accepted Answer

Linear time-invariant system

Answer

Low-pass filter

Answer

High-pass filter

Answer

All-pass filter

Question 9

The frequency response of a system is best described as:

Accepted Answer

The ratio of output to input signals in the frequency domain

Answer

The inverse Laplace transform of the system's transfer function

Answer

The plot of the system's poles and zeros

Answer

A measure of the system's stability

Question 10

In general, a system with a negative feedback loop tends to be:

Accepted Answer

More stable

Answer

Less stable

Answer

Faster in response

Answer

More efficient

Question 11

The process of determining the solution to a differential equation that describes a system's behavior is known as:

Accepted Answer

System analysis

Answer

System identification

Answer

System synthesis

Answer

State-space analysis

Question 12

Which of the following is an example of a nonlinear system?

Accepted Answer

Pendulum

Answer

RLC circuit with a linear inductor

Answer

Linear amplifier operating within its linear range

Answer

Digital filter

Question 13

The state-space representation of a system primarily provides information about:

Accepted Answer

System dynamics

Answer

System inputs and outputs

Answer

System frequency response

Answer

System stability

Question 14

Which of these is NOT a common way to represent systems in electrical engineering?

Accepted Answer

Flowchart

Answer

Block diagram

Answer

State-space model

Answer

Transfer function

Question 15

For applications demanding parallel processing and high data throughput, which system architecture is the most suitable?

Accepted Answer

Distributed Architecture

Answer

Centralized Architecture

Answer

Decentralized Architecture

Answer

Hierarchical Architecture

Question 16

A system that produces the same output for the same input, regardless of when the input is applied, is called a ____ system.

Accepted Answer

Time-invariant

Answer

Time-varying

Answer

Linear

Answer

Non-linear

Question 17

Which of the following is NOT a type of system representation?

Accepted Answer

Time-domain simulation

Answer

State-space model

Answer

Laplace transform

Answer

Fourier transform

Question 18

The transfer function of a system is defined as the ratio of the Laplace transform of the ____ to the Laplace transform of the ____.

Accepted Answer

Output signal, input signal

Answer

Input signal, output signal

Answer

Magnitude of the output signal, magnitude of the input signal

Answer

Phase of the output signal, phase of the input signal

Question 19

The impulse response of a system is defined as the output of the system when the input is a ____.

Accepted Answer

Unit impulse

Answer

Unit step

Answer

Unit ramp

Answer

Unit sinusoid

Question 20

A system that is both linear and time-invariant is known as a ____ system.

Accepted Answer

Linear time-invariant

Answer

Causal

Answer

Deterministic

Answer

Non-linear time-varying

Question 21

The primary objective of a feedback system is to:

Accepted Answer

Reduce performance variability

Answer

Increase system gain

Answer

Improve transient response

Answer

Eliminate noise

Question 22

What is the fundamental difference between an open-loop and a closed-loop system?

Accepted Answer

Closed-loop systems have feedback, while open-loop systems do not.

Answer

Open-loop systems have feedback, while closed-loop systems do not.

Answer

Open-loop systems are always stable, while closed-loop systems are not.

Answer

Closed-loop systems are always unstable, while open-loop systems are not.

Question 23

The Nyquist stability criterion is primarily used for:

Accepted Answer

Determining system stability from its frequency response

Answer

Finding the poles and zeros of a system

Answer

Calculating the gain and phase of a system

Answer

Designing a controller for a system

Question 24

A digital signal processing system is designed to remove noise from an audio signal. The system consists of a filter, an amplifier, and a speaker. What is the output of the system?

Accepted Answer

Noise-reduced audio signal

Answer

Original audio signal

Answer

Amplified noise

Answer

Amplified original audio signal

Question 25

In system optimization, which technique entails repeatedly adjusting parameters to minimize a cost function?

Accepted Answer

Gradient Descent

Answer

Parameter Estimation

Answer

Linear Programming

Question 26

Which of the following is NOT a property of a linear system?

Accepted Answer

Time-variance

Answer

Additivity

Answer

Scaling

Answer

Superposition

Question 27

Define the impulse response of a system.

Accepted Answer

It is the system's output in response to a unit impulse function.

Answer

It is the transfer function of the system at zero frequency.

Answer

It is the input applied to the system to produce the output.

Question 28

Categorize a periodic signal.

Accepted Answer

A continuous-time signal that repeats indefinitely.

Answer

A discrete-time signal with a finite duration.

Answer

A digital signal with a continuous range of values.

Question 29

Describe the unit impulse function, δ(t).

Accepted Answer

A function that is zero for all t except at t=0, where it has an infinite value.

Answer

A function that is constant for all t.

Answer

A function that is non-zero only for positive values of t.

Question 30

Which characteristic defines a causal system?

Accepted Answer

The output at any time depends solely on the input up to and including that time.

Answer

The output is identical to the input, regardless of the input's amplitude.

Answer

The system's response is independent of the input's frequency.

Question 31

Classify the following signal type: A signal that exists only for a finite duration.

Accepted Answer

Finite-duration signal

Answer

Periodic signal

Answer

Continuous-time signal

Question 32

Explain the relationship between a system and a filter.

Accepted Answer

A system is a broader concept that encompasses filters, which are specialized systems designed for specific signal processing tasks.

Answer

Systems are high-pass in nature, whereas filters encompass a wider range of frequency responses.

Answer

Filters are exclusively low-pass systems, while systems can be of various types.

Question 33

A system comprises fundamental elements such as:

Accepted Answer

Input, output, and processing elements

Answer

Magic, spells, and incantations

Answer

Errors, warnings, and notifications

Question 34

In the context of systems, linearity refers to the condition where:

Accepted Answer

The output is directly proportional to the input

Answer

The input is directly proportional to the output squared

Answer

The input is inversely proportional to the output

Answer

The output remains constant regardless of the input

Question 35

The transfer function of a system, expressed mathematically, is:

Accepted Answer

H(s) = Output(s) / Input(s)

Answer

H(s) = Output(s) * Input(s)

Answer

H(s) = Input(s) / Output(s)

Question 36

A common and systematic approach for analyzing systems involves:

Accepted Answer

Block diagram reduction techniques

Answer

Unsubstantiated guesswork

Answer

Trial-and-error experimentation

Answer

Consulting a magic 8-ball

Question 37

To determine the stability of a system, one can analyze:

Accepted Answer

The location of poles in the transfer function

Answer

The system's favorite food

Answer

The system's color and texture

Answer

The system's response to an impulse input

Question 38

State-space representation offers the advantage of:

Accepted Answer

Modeling complex systems with multiple inputs and outputs

Answer

Being easier to understand than transfer functions

Answer

Providing more accurate results than frequency response analysis

Answer

Faster computation compared to other methods

Question 39

A system is considered time-invariant if:

Accepted Answer

Its output remains unchanged for a given input over time

Answer

Its output changes with respect to time

Answer

Its input changes with respect to time

Question 40

A prominent application of systems theory in electrical engineering is:

Accepted Answer

Control systems

Answer

Communicating with extraterrestrial beings

Answer

Predicting the future

Answer

Transmuting lead into gold

Question 41

For a system with an impulse response of h(t) = e^(-t)u(t), determine its stability.

Accepted Answer

Stable

Answer

Marginally stable

Answer

None of the above

Answer

Unstable

Question 42

Provide a precise definition of the frequency response of a system.

Accepted Answer

The magnitude and phase response of the system as a function of frequency.

Answer

The time response of the system to a sinusoidal input.

Answer

The transfer function of the system.

Question 43

Identify the Laplace transform of the unit step function u(t).

Accepted Answer

1/s

Answer

s^2

Answer

1/s^2

Answer

s

Question 44

For a system with a Nyquist plot that encloses the (-1, 0) point, determine its stability.

Accepted Answer

Unstable

Answer

Marginally stable

Answer

Stable

Answer

None of the above

Question 45

For a system with a poles-and-zeros plot where all poles are located in the left half-plane, determine its stability.

Accepted Answer

Stable

Answer

Unstable

Answer

None of the above

Answer

Marginally stable

Question 46

Identify the type of feedback system that is not included in the following list.

Accepted Answer

Open-loop system

Answer

Closed-loop system

Answer

Positive feedback system

Answer

Negative feedback system

Question 47

A system is defined as a process that transforms an input signal into an output signal. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a system?

Accepted Answer

It must be a physical entity.

Answer

It can be described mathematically.

Answer

It can be linear or non-linear.

Answer

It can be time-invariant or time-variant.

Question 48

A linear system satisfies which of the following properties?

Accepted Answer

The response to a sum of inputs is equal to the sum of the responses to each individual input.

Answer

The system's behavior is independent of time.

Answer

The output is always proportional to the input.

Question 49

Which of the following systems is NOT time-invariant?

Accepted Answer

A system with a time-varying gain.

Answer

A system with a constant delay.

Answer

A system described by a differential equation with constant coefficients.

Question 50

What is the significance of the impulse response of a system?

Accepted Answer

It completely characterizes the system's behavior for any input.

Answer

It is only relevant for linear systems.

Answer

It represents the system's response to a specific frequency.

Question 51

What is the relationship between the frequency response and the impulse response?

Accepted Answer

The frequency response is the Fourier transform of the impulse response.

Answer

They are independent of each other.

Answer

The impulse response is the derivative of the frequency response.

Question 52

What is the main purpose of feedback in a system?

Accepted Answer

To improve system performance, such as stability and accuracy.

Answer

To reduce the system's complexity.

Answer

To increase the system's gain.

Question 53

Which representation is commonly used for discrete-time signals?

Accepted Answer

Difference equations.

Answer

Laplace transforms.

Answer

Differential equations.

Answer

Fourier series.