Nervous Tissue Classification and Characteristics: Interactive Quizzes

Question 1

Which cell type within nervous tissue is responsible for generating action potentials?

Accepted Answer

Neurons

Answer

Astrocytes

Answer

Oligodendrocytes

Answer

Microglia

Question 2

Identify the neuroglial cell type that provides structural support to the central nervous system:

Accepted Answer

Astrocytes

Answer

Oligodendrocytes

Answer

Schwann cells

Answer

Ependymal cells

Question 3

Which of the following is a distinctive feature of the peripheral nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Cell bodies in ganglia

Answer

Myelinated axons

Answer

Axons outside the central canal

Answer

Unipolar neurons

Question 4

Explain the primary function of the blood-brain barrier:

Accepted Answer

Protection from toxins in the blood

Answer

Nutrient exchange between blood and brain

Answer

Regulation of cerebral blood flow

Answer

Production of cerebrospinal fluid

Question 5

Which region of the spinal cord gray matter is NOT included on this list?

Accepted Answer

White matter

Answer

Dorsal horn

Answer

Ventral horn

Answer

Intermediate zone

Question 6

Identify the type of synapse where a chemical neurotransmitter binds to receptors on the postsynaptic neuron:

Accepted Answer

Chemical synapse

Answer

Electrical synapse

Answer

Electrical-chemical synapse

Answer

Neuromuscular junction

Question 7

Which brain region is primarily responsible for coordinating movement?

Accepted Answer

Cerebellum

Answer

Cerebrum

Answer

Brainstem

Answer

Thalamus

Question 8

Which tissue type lines the ventricles of the brain and the central canal of the spinal cord?

Accepted Answer

Ependymal

Answer

Choroid plexus

Answer

Pia mater

Answer

Arachnoid

Question 9

Which neurodegenerative disorder is characterized by the presence of amyloid plaques in the brain?

Accepted Answer

Alzheimer's disease

Answer

Parkinson's disease

Answer

Multiple sclerosis

Answer

Huntington's disease

Question 10

Which of the following cells is NOT classified as neuroglia?

Accepted Answer

Neurons

Answer

Astrocytes

Answer

Oligodendrocytes

Answer

Schwann cells

Question 11

Schwann cells primarily serve which function?

Accepted Answer

Insulating axons in the peripheral nervous system

Answer

Insulating axons in the central nervous system

Answer

Producing cerebrospinal fluid

Answer

Regulating synaptic transmission

Question 12

Which neuronal component receives signals from adjacent neurons?

Accepted Answer

Dendrite

Answer

Cell body

Answer

Axon

Answer

Myelin sheath

Question 13

At the neuromuscular junction, which neurotransmitter is primarily released?

Accepted Answer

Acetylcholine

Answer

Dopamine

Answer

GABA

Answer

Glutamate

Question 14

Which characteristic is unique to gray matter?

Accepted Answer

Presence of neuronal cell bodies

Answer

White color

Answer

Transmission of nerve impulses

Answer

Presence of neuroglia only

Question 15

Which insulating substance surrounds the axons of certain neurons?

Accepted Answer

Myelin sheath

Answer

Neurolemma

Answer

Endoneurium

Answer

Perineurium

Question 16

Which type of nervous tissue facilitates voluntary movement?

Accepted Answer

Somatic

Answer

Autonomic

Answer

Enteric

Answer

Sensory

Question 17

What is the primary function of the meninges?

Accepted Answer

Protecting the central nervous system

Answer

Transmitting nerve impulses

Answer

Producing cerebrospinal fluid

Answer

Regulating blood flow to the brain

Question 18

Which characteristic is associated with the sympathetic nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Prepares the body for the 'fight-or-flight' response

Answer

Regulates digestion and heart rate

Answer

Responsible for resting and digestion

Answer

Transmits signals from the brain to the muscles

Question 19

The primary function of the cerebellum is:

Accepted Answer

Balance and coordination

Answer

Higher-order thinking

Answer

Memory and learning

Answer

Regulation of body temperature

Question 20

Which characteristic of microglia facilitates their role in preserving neuronal homeostasis?

Accepted Answer

Enhanced phagocytic ability

Answer

Fixed cell shape

Answer

Presence of extensive axons

Question 21

What is the primary function of neuroglia in the nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Provide structural support and protect neurons

Answer

Transmit electrical signals

Question 22

Which types of nervous tissue are found in the central nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Gray and white matter

Answer

White matter

Question 23

Which of the following is a key structural difference between unipolar, bipolar, and multipolar neurons?

Accepted Answer

The number of dendrites they have

Answer

The length of their axons.

Question 24

What substance is excluded from the list of neurotransmitters?

Accepted Answer

Glucose

Answer

Dopamine

Question 25

What is the main purpose of the myelin sheath?

Accepted Answer

Insulating axons to increase nerve impulse conduction speed

Answer

To protect axons from damage.

Question 26

What is the primary function of the blood-brain barrier?

Accepted Answer

Protects the brain from harmful substances in the blood

Answer

To regulate the flow of blood to the brain.

Question 27

Which microscopy technique is optimal for studying the fine structure of nervous tissue?

Accepted Answer

Electron microscopy

Question 28

What is a key role of the hypothalamus in the nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Regulating body temperature and metabolism

Answer

Processing sensory information

Question 29

Which of the following is NOT a distinguishing characteristic of neurons?

Accepted Answer

Capacity for rapid cell division (mitosis)

Answer

Long, branching processes called dendrites and axons

Answer

Presence of a cell body containing the nucleus

Answer

Production and release of chemical messengers called neurotransmitters

Question 30

Which type of glial cell is primarily responsible for producing myelin in the central nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Oligodendrocytes

Answer

Schwann cells

Answer

Astrocytes

Answer

Ependymal cells

Question 31

Which structural component of the nervous system is considered its functional unit?

Accepted Answer

Neuron

Answer

Neuroglia

Answer

Synapse

Answer

Ganglion

Question 32

What is the primary physiological role of the peripheral nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Control and coordination of body activities

Answer

Processing and interpretation of sensory information

Answer

Generation of thoughts and memories

Answer

Regulation of hormonal secretion

Question 33

Among myelinated nerve fibers, which type possesses the largest diameter and consequently the highest conduction velocity?

Accepted Answer

A alpha

Answer

A beta

Answer

B

Answer

C

Question 34

Which neurotransmitter plays a central role in signaling pain information to the spinal cord?

Accepted Answer

Substance P

Answer

Glutamate

Answer

GABA

Answer

Dopamine

Question 35

Which type of neuroglia is responsible for immune surveillance in the central nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Microglia

Answer

Astrocytes

Answer

Oligodendrocytes

Answer

Ependymal cells

Question 36

What is the primary neurotransmitter released at the neuromuscular junction?

Accepted Answer

Acetylcholine

Answer

Dopamine

Answer

Serotonin

Answer

Glutamate

Question 37

Which type of nervous tissue is characterized by the presence of neurons, neuroglia, and extracellular fluid?

Accepted Answer

Gray matter

Answer

White matter

Answer

Neuroglia

Answer

Meninges

Question 38

What is the name of the protective covering surrounding the brain and spinal cord?

Accepted Answer

Meninges

Answer

Endoneurium

Answer

Perineurium

Answer

Epineurium

Question 39

Which type of neuron is primarily involved in motor output?

Accepted Answer

Motor neuron

Answer

Afferent neuron

Answer

Efferent neuron

Answer

Interneuron

Question 40

Which type of nervous tissue is responsible for transmitting electrical impulses over long distances?

Accepted Answer

White matter

Answer

Gray matter

Answer

Peripheral nervous system

Answer

Central nervous system

Question 41

Which cells wrap around axons in the peripheral nervous system to form the myelin sheath?

Accepted Answer

Schwann cells

Answer

Oligodendrocytes

Answer

Astrocytes

Answer

Ependymal cells

Question 42

Which type of neuron has several dendrites and a single axon?

Accepted Answer

Multipolar neuron

Answer

Bipolar neuron

Answer

Unipolar neuron

Answer

Pseudounipolar neuron

Question 43

Which part of the neuron is the primary site of protein synthesis?

Accepted Answer

Cell body

Answer

Axon

Answer

Dendrite

Answer

Myelin sheath

Question 44

Which type of nervous tissue is located within the spinal cord and brain?

Accepted Answer

Central nervous system

Answer

Peripheral nervous system

Answer

Somatic nervous system

Answer

Autonomic nervous system

Question 45

Which type of neuroglial cell helps form the blood-brain barrier and regulates the chemical environment around neurons?

Accepted Answer

Astrocytes

Answer

Oligodendrocytes

Answer

Microglia

Answer

Ependymal cells

Question 46

Which cells line the ventricles of the brain and central canal of the spinal cord?

Accepted Answer

Ependymal cells

Answer

Astrocytes

Answer

Oligodendrocytes

Answer

Microglia

Question 47

Which layer of the spinal cord contains the cell bodies of motor neurons?

Accepted Answer

Gray matter

Answer

White matter

Answer

Pia mater

Answer

Dura mater

Question 48

Which type of junction allows for the direct transfer of electrical impulses between adjacent neurons?

Accepted Answer

Electrical synapse

Answer

Chemical synapse

Answer

Desmosome

Answer

Tight junction

Question 49

Which of the following accurately describes the roles of oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells in myelination?

Accepted Answer

Oligodendrocytes myelinate axons in the central nervous system, while Schwann cells myelinate axons in the peripheral nervous system.

Answer

Oligodendrocytes myelinate neurons in the central nervous system, while Schwann cells myelinate neurons in the peripheral nervous system.

Answer

Schwann cells myelinate axons in the central nervous system, while oligodendrocytes myelinate axons in the peripheral nervous system.

Answer

Oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells do not play a role in myelination.

Question 50

Which primary cell type of nervous tissue initiates and transmits electrical signals?

Accepted Answer

Neuron

Answer

Astrocyte

Answer

Oligodendrocyte

Answer

Schwann cell

Question 51

Neurons that conduct motor signals away from the central nervous system are termed:

Accepted Answer

Efferent neurons

Answer

Interneurons

Answer

Sensory neurons

Answer

Afferent neurons

Question 52

Which characteristic distinguishes gray matter from white matter in the nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Higher concentration of neuronal cell bodies and dendrites

Answer

Is found only in the peripheral nervous system

Answer

Contains exclusively myelinated axons

Answer

Appears darker in histological sections

Question 53

The primary function of glial cells in the nervous system is to:

Accepted Answer

Provide support, insulation, and nourishment to neurons

Answer

Generate electrical signals

Answer

Transmit sensory information

Answer

Control muscle contractions

Question 54

Which division of the nervous system is responsible for controlling involuntary functions such as heart rate?

Accepted Answer

Autonomic nervous tissue

Answer

Somatic nervous tissue

Answer

Peripheral nervous tissue

Answer

Central nervous tissue

Question 55

The neurotransmitter primarily responsible for mediating communication at the neuromuscular junction is:

Accepted Answer

Acetylcholine

Answer

Glutamate

Answer

Serotonin

Answer

Dopamine

Question 56

Which type of neuroglia is the most abundant in the central nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Astrocytes

Answer

Oligodendrocytes

Answer

Microglia

Answer

Schwann cells

Question 57

The structural and functional unit of the nervous system that receives, integrates, and transmits information is the:

Accepted Answer

Neuron

Answer

Neurotransmitter

Answer

Neuroglia

Answer

Synapse

Question 58

Which part of a neuron receives incoming signals from other neurons?

Accepted Answer

Dendrites

Answer

Axon

Answer

Cell body

Answer

Synaptic knob

Question 59

The insulating layer that surrounds the axons of certain neurons and facilitates faster signal transmission is known as:

Accepted Answer

Myelin sheath

Answer

Synaptic cleft

Answer

Neurolemma

Answer

Glial sheath