Master Basic Sciences for Family Medicine: Online Quizzes and Study Guide

Question 1

Which of the following core concepts in basic sciences is **not** particularly relevant to family medicine?

Accepted Answer

Quantum physics

Answer

Human biology and physiology

Answer

Epidemiology and biostatistics

Answer

Pharmacology

Question 2

What is the primary role of epidemiology in family medicine?

Accepted Answer

Studying the distribution and determinants of health and disease

Answer

Managing disease outbreaks

Answer

Developing new treatments for diseases

Answer

Providing personalized care for individual patients

Question 3

Which of the following is **not** a characteristic of primary care?

Accepted Answer

Episodic

Answer

Longitudinal

Answer

Cost-effective

Answer

Comprehensive

Question 4

Which of the following is **not** a key element of patient-centered care?

Accepted Answer

Focus on acute illness

Answer

Shared decision-making

Answer

Respect for patient autonomy

Answer

Holistic approach to health

Question 5

Which of the following is not considered a fundamental scientific concept for practicing Family Medicine?

Accepted Answer

Sociology

Answer

Anatomy

Answer

Biochemistry

Answer

Psychology

Question 6

Which factor is not included in the biopsychosocial model of health?

Accepted Answer

Spiritual factors

Answer

Biological factors

Answer

Psychological factors

Answer

Social factors

Question 7

A key principle of evidence-based medicine involves:

Accepted Answer

Utilizing the most robust scientific evidence available

Answer

Prioritizing clinical experience over research findings

Answer

Always adhering to patient preferences

Answer

Focusing solely on cost-effectiveness

Question 8

Which of the following is not a typical role for a Family Physician?

Accepted Answer

Performing major surgical procedures

Answer

Providing comprehensive primary health care

Answer

Coordinating care among various specialties

Answer

Educating patients on health promotion

Question 9

Which of the following is a key component of the biopsychosocial approach in Family Medicine?

Accepted Answer

Considering the patient's social and environmental factors

Answer

Focusing solely on the patient's physical symptoms

Answer

Emphasizing the patient's psychological well-being only

Answer

Ignoring the patient's emotional state

Question 10

Which of the following is a diagnostic tool commonly used in Family Medicine to assess thyroid function?

Accepted Answer

Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) test

Answer

X-ray

Answer

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

Answer

Electrocardiogram (ECG)

Question 11

What are the primary mechanisms by which antibiotics exert their antimicrobial effects?

Accepted Answer

Inhibiting cell wall synthesis

Accepted Answer

Interfering with protein synthesis

Accepted Answer

Interrupting DNA replication

Answer

Increasing cell membrane permeability

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT a core principle of Family Medicine?

Accepted Answer

Extensive use of subspecialty services

Answer

Commitment to the whole person

Answer

Prevention and early intervention

Answer

Emphasis on the mind-body connection

Question 13

The term 'biopsychosocial' in relation to Family Medicine refers to the:

Accepted Answer

Integration of physical, mental, and social factors in patient care

Answer

Importance of biological markers in diagnosis and treatment

Answer

Influence of the social environment on health

Answer

Focus on patient education and self-management

Question 14

Which type of physician typically serves as the primary care physician for the entire family?

Accepted Answer

Family physician

Answer

Pediatrician

Answer

Obstetrician-gynecologist

Answer

Internal medicine physician

Question 15

What is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the United States?

Accepted Answer

Cardiovascular disease

Answer

Cancer

Answer

Stroke

Answer

Diabetes

Question 16

Which type of headache is the most prevalent in adults?

Accepted Answer

Tension headache

Answer

Migraine headache

Answer

Cluster headache

Answer

Sinus headache

Question 17

What is the primary role of the respiratory system?

Accepted Answer

Gas exchange

Answer

pH regulation

Answer

Temperature regulation

Answer

Nutrient absorption

Question 18

Which neurotransmitter is primarily responsible for neuromuscular junction transmission?

Accepted Answer

Acetylcholine

Answer

Dopamine

Answer

Serotonin

Answer

Norepinephrine

Question 19

Which organ is primarily responsible for producing bile?

Accepted Answer

Liver

Answer

Pancreas

Answer

Gallbladder

Answer

Stomach

Question 20

Within a fasting state, what is the normal range for blood glucose levels?

Accepted Answer

< 100 mg/dL

Answer

100 - 126 mg/dL

Answer

126 - 180 mg/dL

Answer

> 180 mg/dL

Question 21

For diagnosing appendicitis, which imaging modality is most frequently used?

Accepted Answer

Computed tomography (CT) scan

Answer

Ultrasound

Answer

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

Answer

X-ray

Question 22

Which condition is a contraindication for beta-blocker usage?

Accepted Answer

Asthma

Answer

Heart failure

Answer

Hypertension

Answer

Angina

Question 23

What is the primary cause of sudden unexpected death in infancy (SUDI)?

Accepted Answer

Unknown

Answer

Asphyxia

Answer

Cardiac arrhythmia

Answer

Infection

Question 24

Which mutation type causes protein synthesis to end prematurely?

Accepted Answer

Nonsense

Answer

Missense

Answer

Frameshift

Answer

Silent

Question 25

What is the primary function of the sympathetic nervous system?

Accepted Answer

To increase heart rate and blood pressure

Answer

To prepare the body for rest and digestion

Answer

To decrease inflammation

Answer

To regulate body temperature

Question 26

Which type of cell engulfs and destroys foreign particles?

Accepted Answer

Monocyte

Answer

Neutrophil

Answer

Lymphocyte

Answer

Platelet

Question 27

What is the endocrine system primarily responsible for?

Accepted Answer

Regulating metabolism

Answer

Coordinating body movements

Answer

Protecting against infection

Answer

Transmitting nerve impulses

Question 28

What is the suggested screening interval for colon cancer in adults over 50?

Accepted Answer

Every 5 years

Answer

Every 1 year

Answer

Every 2 years

Answer

Every 10 years

Question 29

What is the first-line treatment for acute otitis media in children?

Accepted Answer

Amoxicillin

Answer

Erythromycin

Answer

Cefuroxime

Answer

Azithromycin

Question 30

Identify the most prevalent cause of community-acquired pneumonia in adults:

Accepted Answer

Streptococcus pneumoniae

Answer

Haemophilus influenzae

Answer

Chlamydia pneumoniae

Answer

Mycoplasma pneumoniae

Question 31

What is the key difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Eukaryotic cells have membrane-bound organelles, while prokaryotic cells do not.

Answer

Prokaryotic cells have a nucleus, while eukaryotic cells do not.

Answer

Prokaryotic cells are larger than eukaryotic cells.

Answer

Eukaryotic cells have a single, circular chromosome, while prokaryotic cells have multiple, linear chromosomes.

Question 32

Which of the following represents a foundational pillar of the scientific method?

Accepted Answer

Hypothesis testing

Answer

Emotional reasoning

Answer

Unfounded speculation

Answer

Unwavering religious belief

Question 33

The primary role of the respiratory system is:

Accepted Answer

Gas exchange

Answer

Waste elimination

Answer

Nutrient uptake

Answer

Temperature control

Question 34

Which hormone plays a pivotal role in regulating blood glucose levels?

Accepted Answer

Insulin

Answer

Thyroid hormone

Answer

Cortisol

Answer

Estrogen

Question 35

Identify the basic unit of life:

Accepted Answer

Cell

Answer

Atom

Answer

Organ

Answer

Molecule

Question 36

Which of the following is a form of passive transport?

Accepted Answer

Diffusion

Answer

Endocytosis

Answer

Phagocytosis

Answer

Active transport

Question 37

The primary role of the circulatory system is to:

Accepted Answer

Transport nutrients and hormones

Answer

Excrete waste products

Answer

Defend against infections

Answer

Store genetic material

Question 38

Red marrow is a type of:

Accepted Answer

Bone marrow

Answer

Muscle tissue

Answer

Adipose tissue

Answer

Cartilage

Question 39

What is the primary purpose of the Krebs cycle in cellular metabolism?

Accepted Answer

Generate energy-carrier molecules (NADH and FADH2) for oxidative phosphorylation

Answer

Transport ions across cell membranes

Answer

Synthesize proteins

Answer

Replicate DNA

Question 40

Which ethical principle emphasizes the patient's right to make decisions about their own healthcare?

Accepted Answer

Autonomy

Answer

Beneficence

Answer

Non-maleficence

Answer

Justice

Question 41

Which of the fundamental forces in nature is responsible for the strongest interactions?

Accepted Answer

Strong nuclear force

Answer

Gravitational force

Answer

Electromagnetic force

Answer

Weak nuclear force

Question 42

What is the SI unit of thermodynamic temperature?

Accepted Answer

Kelvin

Answer

Fahrenheit

Answer

Rankine

Answer

Celsius

Question 43

Which type of chemical bond results from the electrostatic attraction between ions of opposite charge?

Accepted Answer

Ionic bond

Answer

Hydrogen bond

Answer

Covalent bond

Answer

Metallic bond

Question 44

What is the name of the process by which plants utilize light energy to synthesize glucose?

Accepted Answer

Photosynthesis

Answer

Glycolysis

Answer

Cellular respiration

Question 45

Which organ of the human body serves as the largest protective barrier?

Accepted Answer

Skin

Answer

Heart

Answer

Liver

Answer

Brain

Question 46

What is the name of the scientific theory that explains the process of evolution over time?

Accepted Answer

Theory of evolution by natural selection

Answer

Theory of Lamarckism

Answer

Theory of punctuated equilibrium

Answer

Theory of intelligent design

Question 47

Which type of genetic mutation involves a change in the reading frame of a protein-coding sequence?

Accepted Answer

Frameshift mutation

Answer

Deletion

Answer

SNP

Answer

Insertion

Question 48

What is the name of the enzyme that synthesizes new DNA strands during DNA replication?

Accepted Answer

DNA polymerase

Answer

Helicase

Answer

RNA polymerase

Answer

Reverse transcriptase

Question 49

Which of the following is a type of malignant neoplasm?

Accepted Answer

Leukemia

Answer

Diabetes

Answer

Arthritis

Answer

Asthma

Question 50

What is the name of the hormone that regulates blood sugar levels?

Accepted Answer

Insulin

Answer

Glucagon

Answer

Cortisol

Answer

Testosterone