Back-End Development: Master Server-Side Programming and Databases

Question 1

When designing a RESTful API, which HTTP method should be used to create a new resource on the server?

Accepted Answer

POST

Answer

GET

Answer

PUT

Answer

DELETE

Question 2

In web development, what's the main purpose of a RESTful API?

Accepted Answer

Enabling communication between clients and servers

Answer

Performing complex data processing tasks

Answer

Offering a user interface for back-end systems

Answer

Managing user authentication and authorization

Question 3

In back-end development, what is a key advantage of NoSQL databases over SQL databases?

Accepted Answer

Improved scalability and flexibility for large and diverse datasets

Answer

Enhanced data consistency and integrity

Answer

More advanced query capabilities for complex data analysis

Answer

Reduced hardware and maintenance costs for data storage

Question 4

In back-end development, what is a primary advantage of using a RESTful API?

Accepted Answer

Improved efficiency through stateless communication

Accepted Answer

Simplified development using standardized protocols

Answer

Enhanced security through encryption and authentication

Answer

Reduced resource utilization through a single endpoint

Question 5

What is a primary distinction between NoSQL and relational databases?

Accepted Answer

NoSQL databases offer flexible schemas, unlike relational databases with fixed schemas.

Answer

Relational databases excel in handling large data volumes compared to NoSQL databases.

Answer

NoSQL databases provide more advanced query capabilities than relational databases.

Answer

Relational databases use eventual consistency models, while NoSQL databases maintain immediate data consistency.

Question 6

In back-end development, which concept is essential for organizing and managing data?

Accepted Answer

Database

Answer

File System

Answer

Object-Oriented Programming

Answer

Cloud Storage

Question 7

When working with back-end web development, what's a potential downside of using a NoSQL database compared to a traditional SQL database?

Accepted Answer

Lower consistency guarantees

Answer

Less flexibility in data modeling

Answer

Higher implementation and maintenance costs

Answer

Challenges in combining data from multiple sources

Question 8

Which principle is NOT a fundamental characteristic of RESTful APIs?

Accepted Answer

Caching

Answer

Uniform Interface

Answer

Statelessness

Answer

Resource-Based Architecture

Question 9

Which statement is NOT an advantage of using a RESTful API?

Accepted Answer

Increased complexity in implementation compared to other API types

Answer

Enhanced security due to authentication and authorization

Answer

Increased scalability and flexibility due to statelessness

Answer

Reduced development and maintenance costs due to standardization

Question 10

Which HTTP method is used to modify an existing resource in a RESTful API?

Accepted Answer

PUT

Answer

GET

Answer

POST

Answer

DELETE

Question 11

In back-end development for web applications, which technology is commonly used to securely connect to and manage data in a database?

Accepted Answer

Object-Relational Mapping (ORM)

Answer

HTML

Answer

Cascading Style Sheets (CSS)

Answer

JavaScript

Question 12

In the Model-View-Controller (MVC) architecture, which component is responsible for managing business logic and data manipulation?

Accepted Answer

Business logic and data manipulation

Answer

Front-end user interface

Answer

Server-side templating engine

Answer

Database connection and queries

Question 13

Which core principle of RESTful API design promotes a consistent interface and minimizes dependencies between components?

Accepted Answer

Utilizing HTTP verbs (GET, POST, PUT, DELETE) for CRUD operations

Answer

Mandating a specific data format, such as XML or JSON

Answer

Restricting accessibility solely to web browsers

Answer

Omitting support for authentication and authorization mechanisms

Question 14

In the MVC architectural pattern, the 'Model' component is primarily responsible for:

Accepted Answer

Managing data operations and updating the database.

Answer

Handling user input and interaction.

Answer

Styling and presenting the user interface.

Answer

Translating data between the user interface and the database.

Question 15

For a cloud-based web application that needs to scale easily and doesn't need much server management, which service is the best choice?

Accepted Answer

Serverless Functions

Answer

Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2)

Answer

Virtual Private Network (VPN)

Question 16

In back-end development, what is a key benefit of using a RESTful API?

Accepted Answer

Improved scalability

Answer

Enhanced security

Answer

Automatic data validation

Answer

Directly improved user experience

Question 17

Within the MVC architectural pattern, which component is primarily concerned with data management and business logic, rather than user interaction?

Accepted Answer

Model

Answer

View

Answer

Controller

Question 18

Which task is typically NOT handled by a back-end developer in web development?

Accepted Answer

Developing responsive user interfaces

Answer

Creating server-side application logic

Answer

Designing and managing database structures

Question 19

In the Model-View-Controller (MVC) pattern, which component handles data and logic, but doesn't interact with the view or controller?

Accepted Answer

Model

Answer

View

Answer

Controller

Answer

Repository

Question 20

In Node.js, which feature enables asynchronous, event-driven programming, allowing for efficient handling of multiple tasks simultaneously?

Accepted Answer

Asynchronous Event Loop

Answer

Multi-threading

Answer

Parallel Processing

Question 21

Kubernetes enhances security in back-end development by isolating applications. How does it achieve this?

Accepted Answer

Kubernetes runs containers in isolated environments, enhancing security and preventing vulnerabilities from spreading.

Answer

Kubernetes does not provide specific security enhancements; it focuses on automating and managing container operations.

Question 22

Within the MVC architecture, which component orchestrates the communication between the Model and the View?

Accepted Answer

Controller

Answer

Model

Answer

View

Answer

Database

Question 23

In back-end development, what feature distinguishes SQL databases from NoSQL databases?

Accepted Answer

SQL databases require predefined schemas for data consistency.

Answer

NoSQL databases are exclusively document-oriented, unlike SQL databases.

Answer

SQL databases are inherently more secure than NoSQL databases.

Answer

SQL databases are always open-source and free to use.

Question 24

Docker has revolutionized the back-end development landscape primarily due to its ability to:

Accepted Answer

Simplify deployment and maintenance processes for isolated and portable application components

Answer

Automate resource allocation and load balancing for containerized applications

Answer

Facilitate synchronous data replication across multiple containers

Question 25

In a microservices architecture, how does the separation of services affect the deployment process?

Accepted Answer

Allows for independent deployment of services, enabling faster and more flexible updates.

Answer

Requires simultaneous deployment of all services, making the process complex and time-consuming.

Answer

Eliminates the need for a central deployment server, reducing the risk of single points of failure.

Answer

Requires specialized deployment tools and processes, making the deployment process more challenging for developers.

Question 26

In back-end development, what's the primary function of middleware?

Accepted Answer

Enables communication and data exchange between app components

Answer

Handles user authentication and authorization

Answer

Manages data storage and retrieval

Answer

Renders user interfaces and processes front-end operations

Question 27

Which of the following is a key advantage of using an SQL database over a NoSQL database?

Accepted Answer

Strong data consistency and ACID compliance

Answer

Schema flexibility and dynamic data modeling

Answer

High performance for complex queries

Answer

Easy integration with legacy systems

Question 28

Which of the following is a key advantage of using Node.js for back-end development?

Accepted Answer

Node.js offers a comprehensive library of built-in modules for back-end functions like file management and HTTP request handling.

Answer

Node.js employs synchronous I/O operations, ensuring sequential execution of tasks.

Answer

Node.js has a steep learning curve, making it challenging for beginners.

Question 29

What is a core feature of Express.js in back-end web development?

Accepted Answer

Streamlined HTTP request and response handling

Answer

Built-in database management

Answer

Automated data input validation

Answer

Native real-time event handling support

Question 30

In server-side programming, which scenario best demonstrates the principles and structure of a microservice architecture?

Accepted Answer

Multiple autonomous services in a server-side application, each with its database and API, communicating via a message bus

Answer

A single-codebase server-side application handling all functionalities

Answer

A server-side application using a centralized database for all its services

Question 31

In back-end development, what is a key benefit of using the Model-View-Controller (MVC) architecture?

Accepted Answer

Improved testability and easier maintenance

Answer

Enhanced performance and scalability

Answer

Simplified development process

Answer

Increased security and reliability

Question 32

In a server-side web application, which layer is responsible for managing data persistence, like storing and retrieving data from a database?

Accepted Answer

Data layer

Answer

Presentation layer

Answer

Business logic layer

Answer

Network layer

Question 33

Which of the following is a potential disadvantage of using a NoSQL database compared to a traditional SQL database?

Accepted Answer

Reduced performance for specific query types

Answer

Increased flexibility in data modeling

Question 34

In MVC (Model-View-Controller) architecture, which principle ensures that each component has a single, well-defined responsibility?

Accepted Answer

Single responsibility principle

Answer

Polymorphism

Answer

Data encapsulation

Question 35

In back-end development, what is a potential disadvantage of using microservices?

Accepted Answer

Increased coupling between services

Answer

Improved scalability

Answer

Reduced complexity

Answer

Enhanced fault tolerance

Question 36

In back-end development, what are the ethical responsibilities of developers?

Accepted Answer

To ensure responsible and ethical use of technology.

Answer

None, their work is purely technical.

Answer

Only to focus on technical aspects.

Answer

Only to ensure security.

Question 37

In back-end development, what is the main role of middleware?

Accepted Answer

Middleware acts as a bridge between components, making communication easier and the system more flexible.

Answer

Middleware speeds up back-end systems by storing often-used data.

Answer

Middleware protects back-end systems from unauthorized access and vulnerabilities.

Question 38

Which principles are crucial for designing and implementing effective RESTful APIs in back-end development?

Accepted Answer

Uniform interface, stateless communication, and HTTP protocol adherence

Answer

Data redundancy, complex request structures, and disregard for error handling

Answer

Database technology is irrelevant for RESTful APIs

Answer

Exposing internal server logic and implementation details to external clients

Question 39

When using open-source components in back-end development, what security concerns should be considered?

Accepted Answer

Using open-source components may increase the risk of vulnerabilities in your application.

Answer

Open-source components are inherently more secure than proprietary software.

Answer

It is always safe to use open-source components, regardless of their popularity.

Question 40

In back-end development, what's a key ethical concern when dealing with sensitive user data?

Accepted Answer

Protecting user privacy and confidentiality

Answer

Ensuring accurate and reliable data

Answer

Maximizing server performance

Answer

Following industry regulations

Question 41

To safeguard sensitive data in back-end systems, which practice is crucial to prevent unauthorized access and data breaches?

Accepted Answer

Enforce access controls and role-based authorization to restrict data access to authorized users.

Answer

Store data in plaintext for quick retrieval.

Answer

Use weak encryption algorithms to conserve computational resources.

Answer

Conduct regular backups on a local drive without off-site replication.

Question 42

In back-end development, when is a NoSQL database a better choice than a traditional SQL database? Give specific examples to support your answer.

Accepted Answer

When managing large amounts of unstructured or semi-structured data, like user-generated content or IoT device data.

Answer

When dealing with structured data that requires complex queries and joins.

Question 43

In back-end development, what are the best practices for protecting user data and preventing data breaches?

Accepted Answer

Encrypting data, using strong authentication, and updating security regularly

Answer

Storing data unencrypted, using weak passwords, and ignoring updates

Answer

Relying only on antivirus and firewalls

Answer

Disregarding privacy regulations and data protection laws

Question 44

Which design principle is central to RESTful API architectures, ensuring uniform resource identification and consistent interface usage?

Accepted Answer

Resource-based addressing

Answer

State-changing operations

Answer

Hypermedia controls

Answer

Idempotency

Question 45

What is the primary purpose of database normalization?

Accepted Answer

Eliminate data redundancy and ensure data consistency

Answer

Enhance database performance for complex queries

Answer

Prevent unauthorized access to sensitive data

Question 46

Which deployment strategy enables automated software updates with fast and reliable delivery?

Accepted Answer

Continuous integration and continuous delivery (CI/CD) pipeline

Answer

Waterfall deployment

Answer

Blue-green deployment

Question 47

In back-end development, which technique is used to assess a web application's performance under different loads and conditions?

Accepted Answer

Performance testing

Answer

Unit testing

Answer

Integration testing

Answer

Acceptance testing

Question 48

For secure and efficient integration with a third-party payment gateway, which approach is most effective?

Accepted Answer

RESTful API with OAuth authentication

Answer

Direct database connection for transaction processing

Answer

Encrypted data transmission via FTP

Question 49

In a three-tier architecture for web applications, which layer is responsible for handling user interaction and displaying the application's user interface?

Accepted Answer

Presentation layer

Answer

Logic layer

Answer

Database access layer

Answer

Business logic layer

Question 50

Which method is commonly employed for database communication?

Accepted Answer

SQL

Answer

REST

Answer

HTTP

Answer

JSON

Question 51

In HTTP, what is the fundamental difference between a GET request and a POST request?

Accepted Answer

GET requests are used to retrieve data, while POST requests are used to send data

Answer

POST requests are used to retrieve data, while GET requests are used to send data

Answer

GET requests are used for secure transmissions, while POST requests are used for non-secure transmissions

Answer

There is no distinction between GET and POST requests

Question 52

What is the primary function of a server-side template engine in web development?

Accepted Answer

Dynamically generate HTML code

Answer

Store and retrieve data from a database

Answer

Handle user input and form submission

Answer

Provide secure communication between client and server

Question 53

What is the primary purpose of unit testing in web development?

Accepted Answer

Testing the functionality of individual components

Answer

Testing the integration of different components

Answer

Testing the overall performance of the application

Answer

Testing the security of the application

Question 54

Which ethical and legal consideration is most important for back-end developers?

Accepted Answer

Protecting user data

Answer

Keeping costs low

Answer

Following copyright laws

Answer

Using technology responsibly

Question 55

In designing a scalable and performant back-end system, what is a crucial factor to consider?

Accepted Answer

Load balancing

Answer

Database normalization

Answer

Front-end optimization

Answer

Exception handling

Question 56

In Scrum, an Agile framework commonly used in back-end web development, what is the recommended length for each sprint?

Accepted Answer

1-2 weeks

Answer

1 month

Answer

3-6 months

Answer

1-2 years

Question 57

Which of the following is NOT a primary consideration when designing a secure back-end system?

Accepted Answer

Performance optimization

Answer

Authentication

Answer

Encryption

Answer

Vulnerability management

Question 58

Which testing type is crucial for assessing a back-end system's stability and scalability under varying load conditions?

Accepted Answer

Performance testing

Answer

Unit testing

Answer

Integration testing

Question 59

To effectively troubleshoot and optimize performance in complex back-end systems, which strategy is most effective?

Accepted Answer

Utilize performance profiling tools

Answer

Consult error logs only

Answer

Experiment with trial-and-error

Answer

Ignore the issue and hope it resolves itself

Question 60

Why is API versioning crucial for maintaining the stability of back-end systems during ongoing application development?

Accepted Answer

It enables multiple API versions to coexist, ensuring backward compatibility and supporting API evolution.

Answer

It's only needed for major API overhauls, not incremental changes.

Answer

It's a complex process that's impractical for most applications.

Answer

It should be avoided to prevent confusion and version proliferation.

Question 61

In back-end development, which ethical consideration is of utmost importance?

Accepted Answer

Preserving user data privacy and obtaining consent for its usage

Answer

Guaranteeing website accessibility for individuals with disabilities

Answer

Enhancing website performance for search engine optimization

Question 62

Which of the following is a server-side programming language?

Accepted Answer

Python

Answer

HTML

Answer

CSS

Answer

JavaScript

Question 63

What is the primary purpose of a database management system (DBMS)?

Accepted Answer

To store and manage organized data

Answer

To design and develop web pages

Answer

To process user input efficiently

Answer

To facilitate network communication

Question 64

What is a key advantage of using a web framework in back-end development?

Accepted Answer

It provides pre-built components and functionality, streamlining development

Answer

It automatically ensures cross-browser compatibility

Answer

It eliminates the need for security measures

Answer

It significantly improves the performance of web applications