AI and Machine Learning Ethics: A Comprehensive Guide for Students

Question 1

In AI and ML development, which ethical framework prioritizes following moral rules and obligations?

Accepted Answer

Deontology

Answer

Utilitarianism

Answer

Virtue Ethics

Answer

Existentialism

Question 2

Which ethical framework is specifically designed to guide the development and use of AI and ML systems?

Accepted Answer

The Stanford Principles

Answer

The Belmont Report

Answer

The Nuremberg Code

Answer

The Hippocratic Oath

Question 3

What is the main goal of explainable AI (XAI)?

Accepted Answer

To make AI models more transparent and understandable to humans

Answer

To improve the accuracy of AI predictions

Answer

To reduce the computational cost of developing AI models

Answer

To automate the process of AI development

Question 4

What is the potential impact of AI on the job market in the future?

Accepted Answer

Both increased job displacement and creation of new jobs

Answer

Increased job displacement

Answer

Creation of new jobs

Answer

No significant impact on the job market

Question 5

What is the primary objective of the Fairness in Machine Learning (FairML) toolkit?

Accepted Answer

To identify and mitigate biases in ML models

Answer

To enhance the accuracy of ML predictions

Answer

To increase the transparency of AI decision-making

Question 6

What is the fundamental ethical principle underpinning the concept of privacy by design?

Accepted Answer

Data minimization

Answer

Purpose limitation

Answer

Informed consent

Question 7

What is a primary goal of responsible AI and ML development and deployment?

Accepted Answer

Minimize risks and harms to individuals and society

Answer

Maximize efficiency and profitability

Answer

Advance technological innovation at any cost

Answer

Comply with existing regulations only

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT considered a potential benefit of AI and ML technologies?

Accepted Answer

Replacing human workers entirely

Answer

Enhancing efficiency through automation

Answer

Improving decision-making with data analysis

Answer

Creating new economic opportunities

Question 9

The ethical principle of "beneficence" in AI requires:

Accepted Answer

Maximizing benefits and minimizing potential harms

Answer

Respecting individual autonomy

Answer

Ensuring fairness and equity

Answer

Protecting privacy and confidentiality

Question 10

What is the primary purpose of the IEEE Standards Association's Ethically Aligned Design (EAD) Initiative?

Accepted Answer

To develop ethical guidelines for AI and autonomous systems

Answer

To raise public awareness about AI ethics

Answer

To establish certification programs for AI professionals

Answer

To create a repository of best practices in AI ethics

Question 11

Why is algorithmic auditing crucial in responsible AI and ML development?

Accepted Answer

It enables the detection and mitigation of potential biases and errors

Answer

It ensures compliance with ethical guidelines

Answer

It improves the performance and reliability of AI systems

Answer

It facilitates stakeholder trust and acceptance

Question 12

The 'uncanny valley' effect refers to the psychological phenomenon that occurs when:

Accepted Answer

Machines behave too human-like, potentially causing discomfort

Answer

Humans become overly reliant on AI, diminishing their own abilities

Answer

AI systems become self-aware and autonomous

Answer

Machines become so advanced that they replace humans in the workforce

Question 13

Within the ethical framework of 'utilitarianism', the primary focus is:

Accepted Answer

Maximizing overall well-being while minimizing harm

Answer

Ensuring equitable treatment and respect for all individuals

Answer

Protecting individual autonomy and preventing coercion

Answer

Promoting environmental sustainability

Question 14

Which of the following is a primary ethical concern associated with the development and deployment of AI and ML systems?

Accepted Answer

Potential for biased and discriminatory outcomes

Answer

Financial burden of implementation

Answer

Insufficient qualified professionals

Answer

Technical complexity of the systems

Question 15

Which ethical framework emphasizes the principles of beneficence, non-maleficence, autonomy, and justice in the context of AI and ML?

Accepted Answer

Four Principles of Medical Ethics

Answer

Nuremberg Code of Medical Ethics

Answer

IEEE Standards Association's Ethically Aligned Design (EAD)

Answer

Universal Declaration on Bioethics and Human Rights

Question 16

Which best practice can help mitigate bias in AI and ML systems?

Accepted Answer

Utilizing diverse and representative training data

Answer

Minimizing the number of features considered

Answer

Increasing the volume of training data without regard to diversity

Answer

Employing advanced and intricate algorithms

Question 17

What is the primary objective of explainable AI (XAI)?

Accepted Answer

Providing insights into the decision-making processes of AI and ML models

Answer

Enhancing the accuracy and performance of AI and ML models

Answer

Simplifying the user interface for AI and ML applications

Answer

Reducing the computational cost of AI and ML models

Question 18

Which of the following is a potential benefit of AI and ML in the healthcare industry?

Accepted Answer

Improved diagnostics and personalized treatment plans

Answer

Reduced patient engagement and satisfaction

Answer

Increased reliance on human healthcare professionals

Answer

Lowered overall healthcare expenditure

Question 19

Which of the following is a potential risk associated with the widespread adoption of autonomous AI systems?

Accepted Answer

Job displacement and automation in various industries

Answer

Enhanced social interaction and reduced isolation

Answer

Improved environmental sustainability and resource management

Answer

Reduced economic inequality and increased wealth distribution

Question 20

What is the primary focus of the IEEE Standards Association's Ethically Aligned Design (EAD) initiative?

Accepted Answer

Establishing guidelines for ethical considerations in the design and development of AI and ML systems

Answer

Developing certification programs for AI and ML professionals

Answer

Creating a global registry of AI and ML systems

Answer

Promoting the responsible use of AI and ML in specific industry sectors

Question 21

Which of the following is a key principle of responsible AI governance?

Accepted Answer

Transparency and accountability in decision-making and deployment

Answer

Centralized control and decision-making

Answer

Secrecy and limited public disclosure

Answer

Lack of stakeholder engagement and oversight

Question 22

What is the primary role of AI ethics committees in the development and deployment of AI and ML systems?

Accepted Answer

Providing ethical guidance and oversight throughout the AI lifecycle

Answer

Making final decisions on the approval or rejection of AI and ML projects

Answer

Enforcing compliance with ethical guidelines and regulations

Answer

Conducting independent research on the ethical implications of AI and ML

Question 23

Which of the following is a potential application of AI in the field of environmental conservation?

Accepted Answer

Monitoring and analysis of environmental data for informed decision-making

Answer

Direct participation in environmental activism and protests

Answer

Lobbying for changes in environmental policies and regulations

Answer

Replacing human conservationists and park rangers