Heat and Temperature Quizzes for Biology Majors

Question 1

The temperature at which a substance undergoes a phase transition from liquid to gas is known as its:

Accepted Answer

Boiling point

Answer

Freezing point

Answer

Melting point

Answer

Condensation point

Question 2

Which of the following materials has the lowest specific heat capacity?

Accepted Answer

Air

Answer

Water

Answer

Wood

Answer

Metal

Question 3

The equation Q = mcΔT is used to calculate:

Accepted Answer

Heat transfer

Answer

Thermal conductivity

Answer

Specific heat capacity

Answer

Temperature change

Question 4

Which of the following processes releases heat?

Accepted Answer

Burning wood

Answer

Melting ice

Answer

Condensing water vapor

Answer

Sublimating dry ice

Question 5

The zeroth law of thermodynamics states that:

Accepted Answer

Two systems in thermal equilibrium with a third system are in thermal equilibrium with each other.

Answer

The entropy of an isolated system is zero.

Answer

Heat flows from hotter to colder objects.

Answer

The change in entropy is always positive.

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT an application of the first law of thermodynamics?

Accepted Answer

Climate modeling

Answer

Refrigeration

Answer

Car engines

Answer

Chemical reactions

Question 7

The Boltzmann distribution describes the probability distribution of:

Accepted Answer

Energy states

Answer

Particle positions

Answer

Molecular velocities

Answer

Atomic radii

Question 8

Which of the following is a consequence of the second law of thermodynamics?

Accepted Answer

Entropy always increases over time.

Answer

Energy cannot be created or destroyed.

Answer

Perpetual motion machines are possible.

Answer

The universe is constantly shrinking.

Question 9

The heat capacity of a system is defined as:

Accepted Answer

The energy required to raise the temperature by one Kelvin.

Answer

The amount of heat flowing through it per unit time.

Answer

The thermal conductivity of the system.

Answer

The specific heat multiplied by the mass.

Question 10

Which of the following is the SI unit of energy, including heat energy?

Accepted Answer

Joule

Answer

Calorie

Answer

Celsius

Answer

Kelvin

Question 11

Thermal equilibrium occurs when:

Accepted Answer

Two systems have the same temperature and do not exchange heat.

Answer

Two systems exchange heat until they have the same temperature.

Answer

Two systems have the same specific heat capacity.

Answer

Two systems are in contact with a third system at a higher temperature.

Question 12

Which of the following materials has the highest specific heat capacity?

Accepted Answer

Water

Answer

Air

Answer

Iron

Answer

Wood

Question 13

The process by which heat is transferred through the movement of a fluid is known as:

Accepted Answer

Convection

Answer

Conduction

Answer

Radiation

Answer

Diffusion

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT a factor that affects the rate of heat transfer?

Accepted Answer

Relative humidity

Answer

Temperature difference

Answer

Surface area

Answer

Material properties

Question 15

The zeroth law of thermodynamics states that:

Accepted Answer

Two systems in thermal equilibrium with a third system are in thermal equilibrium with each other.

Answer

Heat flows spontaneously from hot to cold.

Answer

The entropy of a system always increases.

Answer

The internal energy of an isolated system is constant.

Question 16

Which of the following is a statistical interpretation of entropy?

Accepted Answer

A measure of the disorder or randomness in a system.

Answer

The amount of heat energy in a system.

Answer

The temperature of a system.

Answer

The specific heat capacity of a system.

Question 17

In an adiabatic process, which of the following remains constant?

Accepted Answer

Entropy

Answer

Heat

Answer

Temperature

Answer

Volume

Question 18

The concept of heat capacity is related to:

Accepted Answer

The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of a given mass of a substance by one degree Celsius.

Answer

The rate at which heat is transferred through a material.

Answer

The thermal conductivity of a material.

Answer

The specific heat of a material.

Question 19

Which factor does NOT influence the rate of heat transfer via conduction?

Accepted Answer

Pressure

Answer

Temperature gradient

Answer

Surface area

Answer

Material properties

Question 20

Which process qualifies as isobaric?

Accepted Answer

Expansion of a gas within a cylinder with a movable piston

Answer

Freezing of water

Answer

Melting of ice

Answer

Sublimation of dry ice

Question 21

A heat engine operates between a hot reservoir at 600 K and a cold reservoir at 300 K. What is the maximum possible efficiency of this engine?

Accepted Answer

25%

Answer

50%

Answer

75%

Answer

100%

Question 22

Which term measures the degree of randomness or disorder within a system?

Accepted Answer

Entropy

Answer

Enthalpy

Answer

Internal energy

Answer

Gibbs free energy

Question 23

A block of ice at 0°C is placed in a room with a temperature of 25°C. Which of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

Heat flows from the room to the ice until it melts.

Answer

Heat flows from the ice to the room until it reaches room temperature.

Answer

There is no heat transfer between the ice and the room.

Answer

Heat flows from the ice to the room until it reaches 0°C.

Question 24

What is the standard International System (SI) unit of energy, including heat energy?

Accepted Answer

Joule

Answer

Calorie

Answer

Fahrenheit

Answer

Celsius

Question 25

Define the specific heat capacity of a substance.

Accepted Answer

The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of the substance by 1 degree Celsius.

Answer

The amount of heat lost when 1 gram of the substance cools by 1 degree Celsius.

Answer

The ratio of the amount of heat absorbed by a substance to its mass and temperature change.

Answer

The rate at which heat flows through a substance.

Question 26

Which of the following factors does NOT influence the specific heat capacity of a substance?

Accepted Answer

Pressure

Answer

Temperature

Answer

Chemical composition

Answer

Physical state

Question 27

In a calorimetry experiment, in which direction does heat transfer occur?

Accepted Answer

From the hotter object to the colder object.

Answer

From the colder object to the hotter object.

Answer

From both objects to the surroundings.

Answer

From neither object to the surroundings.

Question 28

State the Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics.

Accepted Answer

If two systems are in thermal equilibrium with a third system, they are in thermal equilibrium with each other.

Answer

The total energy of an isolated system is constant.

Answer

Heat flows from a hotter object to a colder object.

Answer

The entropy of a system increases over time.

Question 29

Which thermodynamic process maintains a constant temperature in a system?

Accepted Answer

Isothermal

Answer

Adiabatic

Answer

Isochoric

Answer

Isobaric

Question 30

What is entropy a measure of?

Accepted Answer

The disorder or randomness of a system.

Answer

The amount of heat energy stored in a system.

Answer

The temperature of a system.

Answer

The pressure of a system.

Question 31

What does a heat engine primarily convert?

Accepted Answer

Heat energy into mechanical energy.

Answer

Mechanical energy into heat energy.

Answer

Electrical energy into heat energy.

Answer

Heat energy into electrical energy.

Question 32

In the International System of Units (SI), the unit of specific heat capacity is:

Accepted Answer

Joules per kilogram per degree Celsius

Answer

Calories per gram per degree Celsius

Answer

British thermal units per pound per degree Fahrenheit

Answer

Watts per meter per degree Kelvin

Question 33

Which of the following materials has the highest specific heat capacity?

Accepted Answer

Water

Answer

Aluminum

Answer

Copper

Answer

Iron

Question 34

In a vacuum, heat transfer primarily occurs through:

Accepted Answer

Radiation

Answer

Conduction

Answer

Convection

Answer

Evaporation

Question 35

Which of the following processes is an example of an exothermic reaction?

Accepted Answer

Combustion of wood

Answer

Melting of ice

Answer

Freezing of water

Answer

Evaporation of water

Question 36

The rate of heat flow between two objects is:

Accepted Answer

Directly proportional to the temperature difference

Answer

Inversely proportional to the temperature difference

Answer

Independent of the temperature difference

Answer

Logarithmically proportional to the temperature difference

Question 37

Which of the following factors does NOT affect the thermal conductivity of a material?

Accepted Answer

Shape

Answer

Temperature

Answer

Density

Answer

Molecular bonding

Question 38

The main purpose of thermal insulation is to:

Accepted Answer

Decrease the rate of heat transfer

Answer

Increase the rate of heat transfer

Answer

Maintain a constant temperature

Answer

Convert heat into other forms of energy

Question 39

What is the distinction between heat and internal energy?

Accepted Answer

Heat is the flow of thermal energy between objects, while internal energy is the total energy of a system.

Answer

Heat is the total energy of a system, while internal energy is the energy possessed by the system's molecules.

Answer

Heat is the average kinetic energy of molecules within a system, while internal energy is the total energy of the system.

Answer

There is no distinction between heat and internal energy.

Question 40

The SI unit of heat energy is the:

Accepted Answer

Joule

Answer

Calorie

Answer

Kelvin

Answer

Celsius

Question 41

According to the concept of specific heat capacity, the change in temperature of an object is:

Accepted Answer

Directly proportional to the amount of heat added to it

Answer

Inversely proportional to the amount of heat added to it

Answer

Independent of the amount of heat added to it

Answer

Equal to the amount of heat added to it

Question 42

Which of the following materials has the highest specific heat capacity?

Accepted Answer

Water

Answer

Aluminum

Answer

Gold

Answer

Air

Question 43

The process of transferring heat through the movement of a fluid is known as:

Accepted Answer

Convection

Answer

Conduction

Answer

Radiation

Answer

Sublimation

Question 44

Which of the following is a good conductor of heat?

Accepted Answer

Copper

Answer

Wood

Answer

Rubber

Answer

Glass

Question 45

The temperature at which a substance changes from a liquid to a gas is called its:

Accepted Answer

Boiling point

Answer

Freezing point

Answer

Melting point

Answer

Sublimation point

Question 46

The zeroth law of thermodynamics states that if two systems are in thermal equilibrium with a third system, then they are in:

Accepted Answer

Thermal equilibrium with each other

Answer

Thermal disequilibrium with each other

Answer

Thermal equilibrium with the third system only

Answer

Thermal disequilibrium with the third system only

Question 47

Which of the following is not a unit of temperature?

Accepted Answer

Joule

Answer

Fahrenheit

Answer

Celsius

Answer

Kelvin

Question 48

The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of a substance by 1 degree Celsius is known as:

Accepted Answer

Specific heat capacity

Answer

Thermal conductivity

Answer

Latent heat

Question 49

Which of the following processes involves the transfer of heat without the movement of matter?

Accepted Answer

Radiation

Answer

Conduction

Answer

Evaporation

Answer

Convection

Question 50

The zeroth law of thermodynamics states that:

Accepted Answer

If two systems are in thermal equilibrium with a third system, then they are in thermal equilibrium with each other.

Answer

Heat always flows from a hotter object to a colder object.

Question 51

Which of the following is an example of a thermodynamic system?

Accepted Answer

A closed container of gas

Answer

A single molecule

Answer

A vacuum

Answer

The entire universe

Question 52

The heat capacity of a substance is:

Accepted Answer

The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of the substance by one unit.

Answer

The rate at which heat is transferred through the substance.

Answer

The maximum amount of heat the substance can absorb.

Question 53

Which of the following materials has the highest thermal conductivity?

Accepted Answer

Copper

Answer

Rubber

Answer

Wood

Answer

Air

Question 54

The first law of thermodynamics is a statement of:

Accepted Answer

Conservation of energy

Answer

Entropy

Answer

Heat transfer

Answer

Thermal equilibrium