Social Cognition: Master the Cognitive Processes in Social Interaction

Question 1

What are the core components of social cognition?

Accepted Answer

Social perception, social memory, and social inference

Answer

Social conformity, social obedience, and social facilitation

Answer

Social identity, self-esteem, and social comparison

Answer

Social exchange, social support, and social networks

Question 2

What is a primary focus of social cognition?

Accepted Answer

Processing and interpreting social cues

Answer

Managing emotions in social contexts

Answer

Developing strong social bonds

Answer

Resolving conflicts in interpersonal relationships

Question 3

Which of the following is not a fundamental aspect of social cognition?

Accepted Answer

Motivation

Answer

Social perception

Answer

Attribution

Answer

Self-concept

Question 4

In the widely recognized framework of social cognition established by social psychologists, which of the following is NOT regarded as a fundamental component?

Accepted Answer

Physical appearance

Answer

Attention

Answer

Memory

Answer

Emotion

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT considered a fundamental aspect of social cognition?

Accepted Answer

Goal-setting and self-regulation

Answer

Perception

Answer

Information processing

Answer

Judgment and decision-making

Question 6

Which component of social cognition focuses on comprehending and anticipating the thoughts and feelings of others?

Accepted Answer

Inference of mental states

Answer

Self-perception

Answer

Perception of others

Answer

Social decision-making

Question 7

Which of the following is not a core process involved in social cognition?

Accepted Answer

Solving logical puzzles

Answer

Perceiving and interpreting social cues

Answer

Making inferences and judgments about others

Answer

Remembering and retrieving social information

Question 8

Which of the following is a fundamental aspect of social cognition?

Accepted Answer

Social categorization

Answer

Self-esteem

Answer

Motivation

Answer

Emotion

Question 9

Which of the following components of social cognition is not directly involved in the processing of social information?

Accepted Answer

Motivation

Answer

Schema

Answer

Heuristics

Answer

Emotion

Question 10

Which components are fundamental to social cognition?

Accepted Answer

Cognitive schemas and social motivation

Answer

Automatic processing

Answer

Emotional intelligence and cognitive schemas

Answer

Social motivation and emotional intelligence

Question 11

Social cognition refers to the study of:

Accepted Answer

How individuals process and use information about others and social situations.

Answer

How social factors affect individual behaviors and attitudes.

Answer

How people communicate and interact in social contexts.

Answer

How individuals make decisions in the presence of others.

Question 12

In social psychology, the **self-serving bias** refers to the tendency to:

Accepted Answer

Attribute positive outcomes to oneself and negative outcomes to external factors.

Answer

Believe one is superior to others.

Answer

Underestimate one's abilities.

Answer

Overestimate the impact of one's actions on others.

Question 13

In social psychology, which principle describes the tendency for individuals to conform their beliefs and actions to match those of the larger group?

Accepted Answer

Majority influence

Answer

Social facilitation

Answer

Social loafing

Answer

Minority influence

Question 14

Which cognitive process plays a key role in creating and maintaining stereotypes?

Accepted Answer

Categorization and generalization

Answer

Social comparison

Answer

Cognitive dissonance

Answer

Self-attribution

Question 15

What distinctive feature sets prejudice apart from other negative attitudes?

Accepted Answer

It is based on an immutable characteristic, like race or gender.

Answer

It is always a deliberate belief.

Answer

It is solely negative in nature.

Answer

It can be easily changed through education alone.

Question 16

In social psychology, which cognitive mechanism describes the tendency to perceive oneself more positively than reality suggests?

Accepted Answer

Self-enhancement

Answer

Self-verification

Question 17

Minority influence involves a smaller group or individual persuading a larger group to adopt their views or behaviors. Which of the following is a key characteristic of minority influence?

Accepted Answer

Changing the attitudes or behaviors of the majority

Answer

Complete conformity to the majority opinion

Answer

Exclusively occurring in situations with a significant power imbalance

Answer

Low visibility and infrequent communication

Question 18

According to Social Identity Theory, which of the following is a key factor in shaping individuals' self-concept and behavior?

Accepted Answer

Group membership and social categorization

Answer

Personal accomplishments and achievements

Answer

Individual personality traits and biases

Answer

Cognitive processes involved in social perception

Question 19

Which of these is a crucial aspect of social cognition?

Accepted Answer

Paying attention to social cues

Answer

Solving complex math problems

Answer

Remembering personal experiences

Answer

Speaking multiple languages

Question 20

In social perception theories, which concept emphasizes the impact of prior experiences, expectations, and schemas on our understanding of others?

Accepted Answer

Schema Theory

Answer

Cognitive Dissonance Theory

Answer

Social Identity Theory

Answer

Attribution Theory

Question 21

In social cognition, what is the term for the tendency to group people based on perceived similarities and assign specific traits to those groups?

Accepted Answer

Stereotyping

Answer

Social Comparison

Answer

Cognitive Dissonance

Question 22

Which of the following best describes the nature of implicit social cognition?

Accepted Answer

Unconscious and automatic activation of associations and beliefs that shape social judgments and reactions.

Answer

Conscious and deliberate processing of social information for judgments and decisions.

Answer

Development of personal narratives to understand and make sense of social experiences.

Answer

Modification of behavior in response to social norms and expectations for conformity.

Question 23

Which process, according to Social Identity Theory, involves an individual's self-concept and behavior being shaped by their group memberships?

Accepted Answer

Social Identification

Answer

Social Conformity

Answer

Social Projection

Question 24

When explaining someone's actions, which theory suggests we often focus on their personality traits rather than external factors?

Accepted Answer

Dispositional Attribution Theory

Answer

Situational Attribution Theory

Answer

Cognitive Attribution Theory

Question 25

In social cognition, how do we typically form impressions and judgments of others?

Accepted Answer

By combining information from their physical appearance, behavior, and other observable cues

Answer

Unconsciously, relying only on implicit social cognition

Answer

Solely through verbal communication

Answer

Based exclusively on our personal biases and prejudices

Question 26

Which theory of social perception highlights the influence of schemas in forming our perceptions and judgments of others?

Accepted Answer

Top-down processing theory

Answer

Bottom-up processing theory

Answer

Transactional theory

Question 27

Which of the following is NOT a core component of social cognition, as defined in the course material?

Accepted Answer

Emotion

Answer

Schemas

Answer

Attributions

Question 28

What is the primary focus of social cognition?

Accepted Answer

How individuals perceive, interpret, and interact with others in social settings

Answer

How social norms and expectations influence individual behavior

Answer

How emotions and motivation drive social behavior

Answer

How culture and language shape social interactions

Question 29

How do schemas contribute to social cognition?

Accepted Answer

Schemas organize and interpret social information, aiding processing.

Answer

Schemas enhance social information recall, even when it contradicts expectations.

Answer

Schemas generate new social information, like predictions about future events.

Answer

Schemas have no effect on social cognition.

Question 30

Which of the following is a core element of social cognition?

Accepted Answer

Schemas

Answer

Instincts

Answer

Motivation

Question 31

How does social cognition interact with other psychological processes, such as emotion, motivation, and cognition?

Accepted Answer

Social cognition, emotion, motivation, and cognition are interconnected and mutually influence each other.

Answer

Social cognition operates independently of other psychological processes.

Answer

Social cognition influences other psychological processes but is not affected by them.

Question 32

Which of the following is NOT a key psychological factor that contributes to the escalation of intergroup conflict?

Accepted Answer

Empathy and understanding of diverse perspectives

Answer

Negative stereotyping and prejudice

Answer

Communication barriers and misinterpretations

Answer

Heightened feelings of threat and hostility

Question 33

In the design of persuasive technologies that utilize social cognition principles, what ethical considerations are paramount for researchers to address?

Accepted Answer

Transparency and avoiding manipulation in the design process

Answer

Prioritizing user experience over ethical implications

Answer

Ethical considerations are not relevant in the early stages of technology development

Answer

Persuasive technologies based on social cognition principles should be banned due to inherent ethical concerns

Question 34

How do social cognition and emotions interact, and how does this interplay impact our understanding of social behavior?

Accepted Answer

Emotions influence cognitive processes, potentially shaping our interpretations and judgments.

Accepted Answer

Cognitive processes can influence emotions, enabling us to manage our emotional responses in social situations.

Answer

Social cognition and emotions operate independently of each other.

Answer

Emotions have no influence on our social behavior.

Question 35

Which of the following is NOT a cognitive process involved in social cognition?

Accepted Answer

Self-esteem regulation

Answer

Social categorization

Answer

Stereotyping

Answer

Prejudice

Question 36

The cognitive process of organizing people into groups based on perceived similarities is known as:

Accepted Answer

Social categorization

Answer

Stereotyping

Answer

Attribution

Answer

Social comparison

Question 37

The cognitive shortcut that assigns assumed characteristics to members of a particular social group is known as:

Accepted Answer

Stereotyping

Answer

Prejudice

Answer

Discrimination

Answer

Social identity

Question 38

Which of the following refers to a negative attitude or emotion towards a particular social group, often based on preconceived notions and biases?

Accepted Answer

Prejudice

Answer

Discrimination

Answer

Racism

Answer

Sexism

Question 39

The tendency to attribute positive qualities to oneself while attributing negative qualities to others, often to maintain a positive self-image, is known as:

Accepted Answer

Self-serving bias

Answer

Fundamental attribution error

Answer

Social comparison

Answer

Social identity theory

Question 40

The cognitive representation of our beliefs and attitudes about social groups, including their characteristics and behaviors, is referred to as a:

Accepted Answer

Schema

Answer

Script

Answer

Prototype

Answer

Mental model

Question 41

The tendency to seek out or favor information that confirms one's existing beliefs and attitudes, while disregarding or discounting contradictory evidence, is known as:

Accepted Answer

Confirmation bias

Answer

Availability bias

Answer

Hindsight bias

Answer

Overconfidence bias

Question 42

How can research on social cognition be used to improve social justice and well-being?

Accepted Answer

Develop interventions to tackle social problems

Answer

Not useful outside of academic settings

Answer

Only applies to individual therapy

Answer

Focuses only on individual thinking

Question 43

In social perception, the process of assigning people to specific groups based on their perceived characteristics is known as:

Accepted Answer

Social categorization

Answer

Stereotyping

Answer

Prejudice

Answer

Discrimination

Question 44

Stereotyping typically involves:

Accepted Answer

Forming generalized beliefs about a group of people

Answer

Expressing negative attitudes towards a specific group

Answer

Taking discriminatory actions against members of a particular group

Answer

Making assumptions about individuals based on their perceived social status

Question 45

Which psychological phenomenon refers to the tendency to favor people who are similar to us?

Accepted Answer

Ingroup bias

Answer

Outgroup homogeneity effect

Answer

Social identity theory

Answer

Cognitive dissonance

Question 46

When individuals attribute their successes to internal factors and their failures to external factors, this is referred to as:

Accepted Answer

Self-serving bias

Answer

Fundamental attribution error

Answer

Actor-observer bias

Answer

Confirmation bias

Question 47

Social identity theory suggests that:

Accepted Answer

Individuals' self-concept is shaped by their group memberships

Answer

Social interaction is driven by individuals' need for self-enhancement

Answer

Cognitive biases are primarily responsible for prejudice and discrimination

Answer

Attitudes are formed through direct contact with others

Question 48

Which of the following is NOT a factor that can contribute to stereotyping?

Accepted Answer

Positive intergroup contact

Answer

Lack of exposure to diverse groups

Answer

Media representations

Answer

Personal experiences

Question 49

How does social cognition impact the formation and maintenance of close relationships?

Accepted Answer

It shapes our perceptions of potential partners, influencing attraction and compatibility.

Accepted Answer

It guides communication and conflict resolution, promoting understanding and intimacy.

Accepted Answer

It fosters empathy and perspective-taking, enhancing emotional bonding and support.

Answer

It has a limited influence on close relationships, as these are primarily driven by emotions and instincts.

Question 50

Which of the following is an exception to the fundamental attribution error, where we tend to overestimate the influence of internal factors and underestimate the influence of external factors in explaining others' behavior?

Accepted Answer

Attributing one's own successes to external factors.

Answer

Making dispositional inferences based on a single behavior.

Answer

Assuming others' behavior is due to internal factors.

Answer

Ignoring situational factors when explaining others' behavior.

Question 51

According to social identity theory, individuals' self-concept is strongly influenced by their:

Accepted Answer

Membership in social groups

Answer

Personal experiences

Answer

Physical appearance

Answer

Cultural background

Question 52

Prejudice, as defined in social psychology, refers to:

Accepted Answer

A negative attitude towards a particular social group based on generalization

Answer

A positive attitude towards a particular social group based on generalization

Answer

A neutral attitude towards a particular social group

Answer

A lack of attitude towards a particular social group

Question 53

Which of the following strategies is most effective in reducing prejudice?

Accepted Answer

Intergroup contact

Answer

Subtle persuasion

Answer

Aversive conditioning

Answer

Cognitive dissonance induction

Question 54

Stereotypes can be described as:

Accepted Answer

Fixed and generalized beliefs about a particular social group

Answer

Flexible and individualized beliefs about a particular social group

Answer

True and accurate beliefs about a particular social group

Answer

False and inaccurate beliefs about a particular social group

Question 55

Social categorization is the process of:

Accepted Answer

Grouping individuals into social categories

Answer

Judging individuals solely based on their individual characteristics

Answer

Comparing individuals from different social categories

Answer

Reducing prejudice and discrimination

Question 56

How does social cognition influence the formation, maintenance, and navigation of social norms in social interactions?

Accepted Answer

Social cognition helps individuals understand and adapt to social norms, while also contributing to their evolution and potential change.

Answer

Social cognition plays no role in establishing or enforcing social norms.

Answer

Individuals follow social norms without any cognitive processing.

Question 57

How do differences in thinking styles and personality affect how we process and react to social information?

Accepted Answer

Differences in thinking styles and personality can affect our attention, memory, and decisions in social situations.

Answer

Thinking style has no impact on how we process social information.

Answer

Personality only affects our feelings in social situations, not how we think about them.

Answer

Thinking style and personality are not important to social understanding and don't affect how we interact with others.

Question 58

Which of the following is not a primary determinant of how we categorize people?

Accepted Answer

Attitudes

Answer

Age

Answer

Occupation

Question 59

Which of the following is the cognitive process that enables individuals to simplify their understanding of the social world by grouping people based on common characteristics?

Accepted Answer

Social categorization

Answer

Social facilitation

Answer

Social interaction

Answer

Social comparison

Question 60

When people assign uniform attributes to an entire group of individuals based on a shared social category, such as race, gender, or religion, it is known as:

Accepted Answer

Stereotyping

Answer

Social attribution

Answer

Discrimination

Answer

Prejudice

Question 61

Which factor among the following is not considered a contributing influence to the development of prejudice towards out-groups?

Accepted Answer

Cognitive flexibility

Answer

Reduced uncertainty

Answer

Intergroup contact

Answer

Social identity

Question 62

The tendency for individuals to favor and attribute positive traits to members of their own social group compared to out-group members is known as:

Accepted Answer

Ingroup bias

Answer

Outgroup homogeneity

Answer

Social loafing

Answer

Self-serving bias

Question 63

Which of the following strategies has been empirically supported to effectively reduce prejudice and foster positive intergroup relations?

Accepted Answer

Promoting intergroup contact

Answer

Encouraging stereotyping

Answer

Reducing cooperation

Answer

Increasing social distance

Question 64

Which of the following limitations is most commonly associated with experimental methods used in social cognition research?

Accepted Answer

Artificiality and lack of generalizability

Answer

Bias of researchers

Answer

High cost and time-consuming

Answer

Ethical concerns