Atomic Structure: Delve into the Building Blocks of Matter

Question 1

Which subatomic particle carries a negative charge?

Accepted Answer

Electron

Answer

Proton

Answer

Neutron

Answer

Quark

Question 2

What does the atomic number of an atom represent?

Accepted Answer

Number of protons

Answer

Number of neutrons

Answer

Number of electrons

Answer

Number of nucleons

Question 3

Calculate the mass number of a chlorine atom with 17 protons and 18 neutrons.

Accepted Answer

35

Answer

17

Answer

18

Answer

52

Question 4

Which property listed below is NOT a fundamental property of matter?

Accepted Answer

Solubility

Answer

Mass

Answer

Volume

Answer

Density

Question 5

What is the International System of Units (SI) unit for mass?

Accepted Answer

Kilogram

Answer

Gram

Answer

Pound

Answer

Ounce

Question 6

What is the key difference between an element and a compound?

Accepted Answer

Elements have only one type of atom, while compounds have multiple types of atoms.

Answer

Elements are pure substances, while compounds are mixtures.

Answer

Elements are solids, while compounds are liquids or gases.

Answer

Elements are radioactive, while compounds are not.

Question 7

Identify the element in the following list that is classified as a metal:

Accepted Answer

Sodium

Answer

Hydrogen

Answer

Carbon

Answer

Oxygen

Question 8

Which subatomic particle has a negative charge and is found outside the nucleus?

Accepted Answer

Electron

Answer

Proton

Answer

Neutron

Question 9

What distinguishes isotopes of the same element in terms of their atomic structure?

Accepted Answer

Number of neutrons

Answer

Number of protons

Answer

Number of electrons

Answer

Chemical reactivity

Question 10

Which of these properties is a defining characteristic of metals, setting them apart from non-metals?

Accepted Answer

Malleability

Answer

High boiling point

Answer

Transparency

Question 11

The atomic number of an element represents the total number of:

Accepted Answer

Protons

Answer

Neutrons

Answer

Electrons

Answer

Protons and neutrons combined

Question 12

Electrons are characterized by being:

Accepted Answer

Negatively charged

Answer

Found within the atomic nucleus

Answer

Having significant mass compared to protons

Answer

Positively charged

Question 13

The mass number of an atom is determined by:

Accepted Answer

The sum of the number of protons and neutrons only

Answer

The sum of the number of neutrons and electrons only

Answer

The total number of protons, neutrons, and electrons

Answer

The difference between the number of protons and the number of electrons

Question 14

A neutral atom is characterized by having:

Accepted Answer

Equal number of protons and electrons

Answer

Equal number of neutrons and protons

Answer

More protons than electrons

Answer

More neutrons than protons

Question 15

Which element has an atomic number of 11?

Accepted Answer

Sodium

Answer

Potassium

Answer

Phosphorus

Answer

Chlorine

Question 16

The isotope with a mass number of 14 is:

Accepted Answer

Nitrogen-14

Answer

Carbon-12

Answer

Oxygen-16

Answer

Fluorine-19

Question 17

Which quantum number describes the shape of an atomic orbital?

Accepted Answer

Angular momentum quantum number

Answer

Principal quantum number

Answer

Magnetic quantum number

Answer

Spin quantum number

Question 18

In an atom with no electrical charge, how many protons are there?

Accepted Answer

The same as the number of electrons

Answer

More than the number of electrons

Answer

Less than the number of electrons

Question 19

Which subatomic particles are found in the nucleus of an atom?

Accepted Answer

Neutrons

Accepted Answer

Protons

Answer

Electrons

Question 20

Which of the following is definitively NOT a subatomic particle?

Accepted Answer

Quark

Answer

Proton

Answer

Neutron

Answer

Electron

Question 21

The atomic number of an element specifically represents the total number of:

Accepted Answer

Protons

Answer

Neutrons

Answer

Electrons

Answer

Electrons and Neutrons

Question 22

An atom possessing 6 protons and 8 neutrons will have a mass number of:

Accepted Answer

14

Answer

6

Answer

8

Answer

2

Question 23

Which element corresponds to the atomic symbol 'He'?

Accepted Answer

Helium

Answer

Hydrogen

Answer

Carbon

Answer

Oxygen

Question 24

What is the electrical charge of a neutron?

Accepted Answer

Neutral

Answer

Positive

Answer

Negative

Answer

Variable

Question 25

In which region of an atom are the electrons located?

Accepted Answer

Electron Cloud

Answer

Nucleus

Answer

Neutron Cloud

Answer

Proton Cloud

Question 26

In a neutral atom, what is the relationship between the number of protons and electrons?

Accepted Answer

Equal in number

Answer

Equal in mass

Answer

Opposite in charge

Answer

Same in charge

Question 27

Which of the following is the smallest unit of an element that retains its chemical properties?

Accepted Answer

Atom

Answer

Molecule

Answer

Ion

Answer

Compound

Question 28

What atomic property directly influences an atom's ability to form chemical bonds?

Accepted Answer

Electron configuration

Answer

Atomic mass

Answer

Number of neutrons

Question 29

In radiocarbon dating, which carbon isotope is utilized, and what makes it ideal for determining the age of ancient artifacts?

Accepted Answer

Carbon-14

Answer

Carbon-12

Answer

Carbon-13

Question 30

What does an element's atomic number represent?

Accepted Answer

Number of protons in the nucleus

Answer

Number of neutrons in the nucleus

Answer

Number of electrons orbiting the nucleus

Question 31

Which statement about electrons is **incorrect**?

Accepted Answer

Electrons cannot be destroyed.

Answer

Electrons carry a negative charge.

Answer

Electrons demonstrate wave-particle duality.

Question 32

How does spectroscopy help us understand the electronic structure of atoms?

Accepted Answer

By analyzing the wavelengths of light emitted or absorbed by atoms

Answer

By determining the mass of atoms

Answer

By identifying the chemical composition of atoms

Question 33

Which subatomic particle has a positive electric charge?

Accepted Answer

Proton

Answer

Electron

Answer

Neutron

Answer

Quark

Question 34

The atomic number of an atom is defined as the:

Accepted Answer

Number of protons

Answer

Number of electrons

Answer

Number of neutrons

Answer

Total number of subatomic particles

Question 35

The mass number of an atom is the:

Accepted Answer

Sum of protons and neutrons

Answer

Difference between protons and neutrons

Answer

Number of electrons

Answer

Total number of protons, neutrons, and electrons

Question 36

Which element has the highest electronegativity?

Accepted Answer

Fluorine

Answer

Nitrogen

Answer

Oxygen

Answer

Chlorine

Question 37

Which force is responsible for holding protons and neutrons together in the nucleus?

Accepted Answer

Strong nuclear force

Answer

Electrostatic force

Answer

Magnetic force

Answer

Weak nuclear force

Question 38

Determine the correct symbol for the element with atomic number 12 and mass number 24.

Accepted Answer

¹²Mg

Answer

¹⁴Si

Answer

¹¹Na

Answer

¹³Al

Question 39

Calculate the charge of an atom with 6 protons, 6 neutrons, and 6 electrons.

Accepted Answer

0

Answer

+6

Answer

-12

Answer

-6

Question 40

Identify the subatomic particle that primarily contributes to an atom's mass.

Accepted Answer

Neutron

Answer

Nucleus

Answer

Electron

Answer

Proton

Question 41

Predict the element with atomic number 17 and mass number 37.

Accepted Answer

³⁷Cl

Answer

³⁶S

Answer

³⁸Ar

Answer

³⁹K

Question 42

Which consequence does NOT occur when an electron is added to a neutral atom?

Accepted Answer

Increase in atomic number

Answer

Gain of negative charge

Answer

Decrease in atomic size

Answer

Formation of an anion

Question 43

Which element among the following has the greatest electronegativity?

Accepted Answer

Fluorine

Answer

Iodine

Answer

Chlorine

Answer

Bromine

Question 44

Describe the general trend in atomic radius as you move down a group in the periodic table.

Accepted Answer

Increases down a group in the periodic table

Answer

Decreases down a group in the periodic table

Answer

Increases across a period in the periodic table

Answer

Decreases across a period in the periodic table

Question 45

The atomic number of an element is determined by the number of which subatomic particle?

Accepted Answer

Protons

Answer

Neutrons

Answer

Electrons

Answer

Quarks

Question 46

An atom of carbon has 6 protons and a mass number of 14. How many neutrons are in the atom's nucleus?

Accepted Answer

8

Answer

14

Answer

20

Answer

6

Question 47

Which of the following subatomic particles has the smallest mass?

Accepted Answer

Electron

Answer

Neutron

Answer

Nucleus

Answer

Proton

Question 48

What are isotopes of an element?

Accepted Answer

Atoms with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons

Answer

Atoms with the same number of protons and electrons, but different numbers of neutrons

Answer

Atoms with different numbers of protons but the same mass number

Answer

Atoms with the same number of neutrons but different numbers of protons

Question 49

Where is the most probable location of finding an electron in an atom?

Accepted Answer

In an orbital around the nucleus

Answer

Evenly distributed throughout the atom

Answer

On the surface of the atom

Answer

Inside the nucleus

Question 50

Which statement accurately describes the role of protons in an atom?

Accepted Answer

Protons determine the element's atomic number and its identity.

Answer

Protons are negatively charged particles that orbit the nucleus.

Answer

Protons have a negligible mass compared to neutrons and electrons.

Answer

The number of protons in an atom can vary, creating isotopes.

Question 51

In a neutral atom, which two subatomic particles are present in equal numbers?

Accepted Answer

Protons and electrons

Answer

Protons, neutrons, and electrons

Answer

Protons and neutrons

Answer

Neutrons and electrons

Question 52

Element X has two isotopes with mass numbers 35 and 37. What do both isotopes of Element X have in common?

Accepted Answer

The same number of protons

Answer

The same mass number

Answer

The same number of neutrons

Answer

The same relative abundance