Pediatric History and Physical Exam Quizzes | Nursing School

Question 1

During a health history for a child, which technique is crucial for establishing a rapport and putting the child at ease?

Accepted Answer

Maintaining eye contact at the child's level and speaking in a child-friendly manner

Answer

Using sophisticated medical terminology to sound professional

Answer

Speaking loudly to ensure the child can hear clearly

Answer

Asking closed-ended questions to gather specific information quickly

Question 2

During a pediatric abdominal examination, which finding may indicate an underlying pathology?

Accepted Answer

Firm, tender abdomen with absent or decreased bowel sounds

Answer

Soft, non-tender abdomen with normal bowel sounds

Answer

Mildly distended abdomen with slightly increased bowel sounds

Answer

Small bulge in the umbilical area

Question 3

When assessing a child's nutritional status, which physical finding is a key indicator of adequate protein intake?

Accepted Answer

Firm and well-developed muscle tone

Answer

Healthy appearance of hair and nails

Answer

Normal blood glucose levels

Answer

Clear and blemish-free complexion

Question 4

When obtaining a growth history, which of the following findings should be considered a potential red flag?

Accepted Answer

Failure to gain weight consistently in the first 6 months of life

Answer

Steady but slightly slower weight gain than expected

Answer

Head circumference that is above the 90th percentile

Answer

Height that falls slightly below the 10th percentile

Question 5

Which component of a physical examination is essential for a child suspected of having a urinary tract infection?

Accepted Answer

Careful examination of the external genitalia

Answer

Palpation of the kidneys to assess for tenderness

Answer

Percussion of the bladder to evaluate for distension

Answer

Auscultation of the lungs and heart to rule out respiratory or cardiac involvement

Question 6

When educating a parent on how to administer ear drops to a child, which instruction is most crucial to emphasize?

Accepted Answer

Pull the child's earlobe down and back to straighten the ear canal

Answer

Warm the drops to body temperature before instilling them

Answer

Massage the base of the ear after instillation to facilitate absorption

Answer

Clean the ear canal with cotton swabs before administering the drops

Question 7

During a musculoskeletal examination, which technique is most effective for precisely evaluating range of motion in a child's lower extremities?

Accepted Answer

Goniometry

Answer

Joint line tenderness assessment

Answer

Active and passive range of motion testing

Answer

Palpation

Question 8

Which physical finding is common in children with lactose intolerance?

Accepted Answer

Abdominal distension

Answer

Jaundice

Answer

Hepatomegaly

Answer

Splenomegaly

Question 9

Which of the following symptoms is commonly associated with urinary tract infections (UTIs) in children?

Accepted Answer

A combination of the above symptoms

Answer

Frequent urination

Answer

Cloudy urine

Answer

Irritability

Question 10

When evaluating a child's neurological status, which of the following is a common sign of increased intracranial pressure?

Accepted Answer

A combination of A and C

Answer

Bulging fontanelles

Answer

Lethargy

Answer

Headache

Question 11

Which of the following is a potential complication that can arise from a febrile seizure?

Accepted Answer

A combination of A and C

Answer

Status epilepticus

Answer

Meningitis

Answer

Encephalopathy

Question 12

When examining a newborn compared to a toddler, what developmental difference is most important to consider?

Accepted Answer

Fontanelle Closure

Answer

Respiratory Rate

Answer

Heart Rate

Answer

Skin Color

Question 13

When interacting with a shy and apprehensive child during a comprehensive health history, which approach is most effective?

Accepted Answer

Employ open-ended questions and active listening

Answer

Frequently interrupt the child for clarification

Answer

Use leading questions to shape the child's responses

Answer

Concentrate solely on gathering specific medical information

Question 14

During a health history interview with a young child, which approach is most appropriate?

Accepted Answer

Use age-appropriate language, encourage participation, and utilize open-ended questions.

Answer

Conduct a formal interview using only closed-ended questions.

Answer

Interview only the parent or guardian, excluding the child's input.

Question 15

Which element is crucial during a pediatric physical examination?

Accepted Answer

Assessment of growth and developmental milestones.

Answer

Immediate referral to a specialist without thorough assessment.

Answer

Sole reliance on diagnostic testing without physical examination findings.

Answer

Review of medical records as a substitute for a comprehensive physical examination.

Question 16

When auscultating a child's lungs, what technique is appropriate?

Accepted Answer

Use a stethoscope with both a bell and diaphragm, ensuring proper positioning of the child.

Answer

Restrict auscultation to the anterior chest wall, neglecting other lung areas.

Answer

Utilize a blood pressure cuff to amplify lung sounds.

Question 17

During a physical examination of a young infant, which reflex is typically observed?

Accepted Answer

Moro reflex.

Answer

Babinski reflex.

Answer

Clonus.

Answer

Romberg test.

Question 18

When assessing a child's abdomen, which technique should be employed?

Accepted Answer

Light palpation and gentle percussion.

Answer

Abstain from palpation or percussion altogether.

Answer

Rely solely on auscultation without palpation or percussion.

Answer

Deep palpation and vigorous percussion.

Question 19

What is the primary purpose of a developmental screening tool in pediatric nursing?

Accepted Answer

To identify children who may have developmental delays or risk factors.

Answer

To solely determine appropriate educational placement.

Answer

To provide a definitive diagnosis of specific developmental disorders.

Question 20

When assessing a child's nutritional status, which factors should be considered?

Accepted Answer

Growth patterns, dietary intake, and activity level.

Answer

Physical examination findings in isolation.

Answer

Laboratory test results independently.

Question 21

Which principle is paramount regarding confidentiality in pediatric nursing?

Accepted Answer

Upholding the child's privacy rights and limiting disclosure of information to those with a legitimate need to know.

Answer

Automatically sharing all information obtained from the child with their parents or guardians.

Answer

Documenting every detail in the child's medical record without regard to confidentiality.

Question 22

Which of the following is a common physical sign associated with dehydration?

Accepted Answer

Dry mucous membranes

Answer

Increased thirst

Answer

Bright yellow urine

Answer

Headache

Question 23

In performing a thorough respiratory examination, which aspect is NOT included?

Accepted Answer

Assessment of nail beds

Answer

Observation of respiratory rate and effort

Answer

Palpation of chest expansion

Answer

Auscultation of breath sounds

Question 24

Which method is considered most effective in assessing a child's nutritional status?

Accepted Answer

Anthropometric measurements

Answer

Dietary recall

Answer

Laboratory tests

Answer

Physical examination

Question 25

When performing a fundoscopic examination, which condition would be a contraindication?

Accepted Answer

Corneal abrasion

Answer

Pupillary dilation

Answer

Nystagmus

Question 26

The primary purpose of a developmental history is to:

Accepted Answer

Identify potential developmental delays or disabilities

Answer

Provide information about the child's past medical history

Answer

Assess the child's current health status

Question 27

Which of the following are key components of a comprehensive health history for a child?

Accepted Answer

Current health status, including allergies and medications, as well as social and environmental factors and family history

Answer

Social and environmental factors only

Answer

Family history only

Question 28

When performing a physical examination on a child, what is the most crucial aspect to prioritize?

Accepted Answer

Establishing rapport and minimizing anxiety to create a positive experience

Answer

Following a systematic approach

Answer

Using appropriate equipment and techniques

Answer

Documenting findings accurately

Question 29

Which of the following is an indicator of respiratory distress in infants?

Accepted Answer

Nasal flaring

Answer

Diarrhea

Answer

Jaundice

Answer

Hoarseness

Question 30

During cardiac auscultation in children, what heart sounds are typically heard at the mitral valve area?

Accepted Answer

S1 (lub) and S2 (dub)

Answer

S3 and S4

Answer

S2 and S3

Answer

S4 and S1

Question 31

Among newborns, which type of skin rash is most frequently encountered?

Accepted Answer

Erythema toxicum neonatorum

Answer

Psoriasis

Answer

Atopic dermatitis

Answer

Impetigo

Question 32

In neurological assessment of children, which reflex is associated with upper motor neuron dysfunction?

Accepted Answer

Babinski reflex

Answer

Plantar grasp reflex

Answer

Palmar grasp reflex

Answer

Moro reflex

Question 33

When should a rectal examination be avoided in a child?

Accepted Answer

If an anal fissure is suspected

Answer

If the child has diarrhea

Answer

If the child is constipated

Answer

If the child is vomiting

Question 34

What is essential for accurate documentation of physical examination findings?

Accepted Answer

Using precise and objective language, avoiding personal opinions, and minimizing abbreviations

Answer

Including personal opinions

Answer

Documenting findings immediately after the examination

Answer

Using abbreviations whenever possible

Question 35

What is a key benefit of using developmental screening tools during well-child visits?

Accepted Answer

Early identification of potential developmental delays, allowing for timely intervention

Answer

Providing a definitive diagnosis of specific disorders

Answer

Eliminating the need for further evaluation

Question 36

When caring for a child with a fever, which nursing intervention is crucial?

Accepted Answer

Monitoring vital signs and administering antipyretics as prescribed, while encouraging adequate fluid intake

Answer

Administering antibiotics without a doctor's order

Answer

Restricting oral intake to fluids only

Question 37

During a physical examination of a child, in which area should auscultation of the lungs commence?

Accepted Answer

Apical regions

Answer

Basal regions

Answer

Axillary areas

Answer

Interscapular areas

Question 38

When communicating with children during a physical examination, what is a crucial consideration?

Accepted Answer

Utilizing language that aligns with their developmental level

Answer

Maintaining a formal and distant demeanor

Answer

Adopting a condescending or overly simplistic tone

Question 39

Which of the following is a common indicator of dehydration in children?

Accepted Answer

Sunken fontanelles

Answer

Increased heart rate

Answer

Elevated blood pressure

Answer

Slow respiratory rate

Question 40

What is a primary goal of conducting a physical examination in children?

Accepted Answer

Early detection and monitoring of potential health issues

Answer

Confirming a specific diagnosis

Answer

Establishing a comprehensive long-term care plan

Question 41

When interpreting physical examination findings in children, what is the most important factor to consider?

Accepted Answer

The child's age and developmental stage

Answer

Gender

Answer

Race

Answer

Socioeconomic status

Question 42

What is the primary reason for using a developmentally tailored approach during a physical examination?

Accepted Answer

To mitigate anxiety and foster cooperation from the child

Answer

To streamline the examination process

Answer

To shorten the duration of the examination

Answer

To demonstrate the examiner's expertise

Question 43

During the physical examination of a newborn, which of the following reflexes is typically NOT present at birth?

Accepted Answer

Babinski reflex

Answer

Moro reflex

Answer

Rooting reflex

Answer

Sucking reflex

Question 44

You are performing a physical examination on a 2-year-old child and you hear a heart murmur. What is the most appropriate action?

Accepted Answer

Document the murmur and refer the child for further evaluation.

Answer

Immediately inform the parents that the child has a serious heart defect.

Answer

Ignore the murmur since it is commonly heard in young children.

Question 45

In a 10-year-old child with known asthma, which question is most important to ask their parents during the history?

Accepted Answer

What are the child's usual asthma triggers?

Answer

What is the child's favorite school subject?

Answer

Does the child have any siblings?

Answer

What is the child's current height and weight?

Question 46

Which physical examination technique is used to assess for an enlarged liver in children?

Accepted Answer

Palpation

Answer

Auscultation

Answer

Percussion

Answer

Inspection

Question 47

When you observe a limp during the physical examination of a school-aged child, what is the most appropriate immediate action?

Accepted Answer

Inquire about the onset, characteristics, and any associated symptoms of the limp.

Answer

Ignore the limp as it is likely temporary.

Answer

Refer the child to an orthopedic specialist without further assessment.

Question 48

Which approach is most likely to foster cooperation and minimize anxiety during a physical examination of a toddler?

Accepted Answer

Use a playful and engaging tone while explaining procedures and allowing for breaks.

Answer

Perform the examination quickly and efficiently.

Answer

Restrain the child's movements to ensure accuracy.

Question 49

When interviewing a family about their 8-year-old child's recent weight loss, which question provides the most useful information about the child's overall health status?

Accepted Answer

Have you noticed any changes in the child's energy levels, appetite, or mood?

Answer

What is the child's favorite after-school activity?

Answer

Has the child started a new sport or hobby?

Question 50

To obtain a comprehensive health history, the most critical step is to:

Accepted Answer

Establish rapport and build trust with the child and their family

Answer

Document all findings meticulously

Answer

Use open-ended questions exclusively

Question 51

When examining an infant, it is particularly important to:

Accepted Answer

Assess the anterior fontanel for signs of increased or decreased pressure

Answer

Palpate the abdomen thoroughly for masses or tenderness

Answer

Inspect the neck for webbing or other structural abnormalities

Question 52

A common symptom experienced in children with otitis media is:

Accepted Answer

Earache

Answer

Nasal congestion

Answer

Persistent cough

Answer

Diarrhea

Question 53

During auscultation of a child's lungs, the examiner should be attentive to:

Accepted Answer

Wheezes, rales, and rhonchi

Answer

Heart murmurs

Answer

Bowel sounds

Answer

Bruits

Question 54

A comprehensive developmental assessment for a child includes:

Accepted Answer

Observing their interactions with peers and other individuals

Answer

Administering a single standardized test

Answer

Focusing primarily on measuring height and weight

Answer

Relying solely on parental reports of the child's developmental milestones

Question 55

When examining a child's gastrointestinal system, the examiner should evaluate:

Accepted Answer

Abdominal girth, bowel sounds, and liver size

Answer

Cardiac rhythm and breath sounds

Answer

Neurological reflexes

Answer

Skin turgor and hydration status

Question 56

A potential complication associated with a lumbar puncture is:

Accepted Answer

Headache

Answer

Heart failure

Answer

Seizures

Answer

Pneumonia

Question 57

When conducting a neurological examination on a child, the focus should be on assessing:

Accepted Answer

Muscle strength, coordination, and reflexes

Answer

Skin integrity and appearance

Answer

Respiratory rate and depth

Answer

Vital signs such as heart rate and blood pressure

Question 58

The most appropriate method for obtaining a urine sample from a young child is:

Accepted Answer

Clean-catch method

Answer

Urethral catheterization

Answer

Suprapubic aspiration

Answer

Indwelling catheterization

Question 59

When assessing a child's skin, the examiner should evaluate:

Accepted Answer

Color, texture, lesions, and turgor

Answer

Respiratory rate and depth

Answer

Heart rate and blood pressure