Newborn Assessment: Comprehensive Guide for Nursing Students

Question 1

Which of the following is a common clinical presentation in a newborn with clubfoot?

Accepted Answer

Equinovarus deformity

Answer

Pronated foot

Answer

Talipes calcaneovalgus

Answer

Pes planus

Question 2

Which of the following is a sign of impending respiratory distress in a newborn?

Accepted Answer

Grunting

Answer

Bradycardia

Answer

Jaundice

Answer

Cyanosis

Question 3

Which of the following is the primary focus when evaluating a newborn's physical appearance?

Accepted Answer

Skin color

Answer

Activity level

Answer

Heart rate

Answer

Respiratory rate

Question 4

What is the primary purpose of assessing the newborn's heart rate and respiratory rate?

Accepted Answer

To identify respiratory distress

Answer

To assess fluid volume status

Answer

To evaluate neurological function

Answer

To identify congenital heart defects

Question 5

Which maneuver is used to assess for clavicle fracture in a newborn?

Accepted Answer

Clavicle hold

Answer

Crepitus

Answer

Ortolani's maneuver

Answer

Barlow's maneuver

Question 6

Select the sign of hyperbilirubinemia in a newborn:

Accepted Answer

Jaundice

Answer

Vomiting

Answer

Diarrhea

Answer

Lethargy

Question 7

What is the most suitable intervention for a newborn diagnosed with respiratory distress syndrome?

Accepted Answer

Administer oxygen

Answer

Position the newborn face down

Answer

Increase the frequency of feedings

Answer

Administer antibiotics

Question 8

Which finding during a newborn assessment necessitates immediate medical attention?

Accepted Answer

Apnea

Answer

Jaundice

Answer

Macrodactyly

Answer

Sclerema

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT part of the neurological examination of a newborn?

Accepted Answer

Head circumference

Answer

Muscle tone

Answer

Fontanels

Answer

Reflexes

Question 10

What is the most common cause of jaundice in newborns?

Accepted Answer

Physiological jaundice

Answer

Hemolytic disease

Answer

Biliary atresia

Answer

Hepatitis

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT a component of a comprehensive newborn physical assessment?

Accepted Answer

Pain scale assessment

Answer

Respiratory rate assessment

Answer

Temperature assessment

Question 12

Define the Moro reflex and explain its importance in evaluating a newborn's health during a physical examination.

Accepted Answer

A startle response involving arm extension, abduction, flexion, and adduction triggered by a sudden change in position or environment.

Answer

A sucking reflex that assists the newborn in latching and feeding.

Answer

A respiratory reflex that aids the newborn in breathing.

Answer

A muscle tone reflex that facilitates arm and leg movement.

Question 13

What is the primary purpose of the Apgar score?

Accepted Answer

To assess the newborn's immediate adaptation to life outside the womb

Answer

To predict the risk of developmental disabilities

Answer

To identify potential genetic disorders

Question 14

Which neurological reflex is elicited by gently touching the palm of a newborn's hand?

Accepted Answer

Grasp reflex

Answer

Moro reflex

Answer

Stepping reflex

Answer

Babinski reflex

Question 15

Which laboratory test is routinely used to screen for congenital hypothyroidism in newborns?

Accepted Answer

Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH)

Answer

Complete Blood Count (CBC)

Answer

Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)

Answer

Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR)

Question 16

Why is it important to monitor a newborn's blood glucose levels?

Accepted Answer

To detect hypoglycemia, which can potentially lead to seizures and brain damage

Answer

To assess for hyperglycemia, a risk factor for diabetes

Answer

To monitor fluid balance

Question 17

Which of the following is NOT typically considered a risk factor for newborn jaundice?

Accepted Answer

Exclusive breastfeeding

Answer

ABO incompatibility

Answer

Prematurity

Answer

Cephalohematoma

Question 18

Which of the following is a common sign of respiratory distress in a newborn?

Accepted Answer

Grunting with each breath

Answer

Calm and relaxed behavior

Answer

Normal oxygen saturation levels

Answer

Clear breath sounds without wheezing

Question 19

What is the primary purpose of the Apgar score?

Accepted Answer

To quickly assess a newborn's overall health status at birth

Answer

To predict long-term developmental outcomes

Answer

To screen for genetic disorders in newborns

Answer

To identify congenital abnormalities present at birth

Question 20

What is considered a normal size for the anterior fontanelle in a newborn?

Accepted Answer

1 to 2 centimeters

Answer

Greater than 2 centimeters

Answer

Completely closed (absent)

Answer

Less than 1 centimeter

Question 21

What is the significance of a Caput succedaneum in a newborn?

Accepted Answer

It indicates pressure on the head during delivery.

Answer

It is a sign of a possible infection.

Answer

It is a precursor to jaundice in the newborn.

Answer

It requires immediate medical intervention.

Question 22

Which of the following is NOT a recognized risk factor for neonatal hypoglycemia?

Accepted Answer

Full-term gestation (39-40 weeks)

Answer

Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR)

Answer

Premature birth (before 37 weeks)

Answer

Maternal diabetes during pregnancy

Question 23

What is the main purpose of newborn screening tests?

Accepted Answer

To identify hidden health conditions that might not be immediately apparent

Answer

To prevent the occurrence of genetic disorders

Answer

To identify potential allergens that the newborn may be sensitive to

Answer

To monitor growth and development over time

Question 24

Which of the following is a primary risk factor for respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) in newborns?

Accepted Answer

Premature birth (before 37 weeks)

Answer

Large birth weight for gestational age

Answer

Cesarean delivery compared to vaginal delivery

Answer

Normal gestational age (39-40 weeks)

Question 25

When assessing a newborn's temperature, which site is generally considered the most accurate?

Accepted Answer

Rectal

Answer

Oral (not recommended for newborns)

Answer

Tympanic (can be affected by earwax)

Answer

Axillary (least accurate)

Question 26

Which of the following is a common sign of a neurologically depressed newborn?

Accepted Answer

Poor muscle tone (floppy or limp)

Answer

Active reflexes (startle, grasp)

Answer

Bright and alert eyes

Answer

Normal heart rate

Question 27

A newborn's respiratory rate is measured at 45 breaths per minute. This finding is considered:

Accepted Answer

Tachypnea

Answer

Bradypnea

Answer

Normal

Answer

Apnea

Question 28

Which laboratory test is routinely used to screen newborns for hypothyroidism?

Accepted Answer

Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH)

Answer

Glucose

Answer

Complete Blood Count (CBC)

Answer

Urinalysis (UA)

Question 29

A newborn presents with a heart rate of 120 beats per minute, irregular respirations, and a weak cry. The most appropriate nursing action is to:

Accepted Answer

Continue monitoring the newborn closely and document findings.

Answer

Immediately call for a physician.

Answer

Stimulate the newborn by gently rubbing their back.

Answer

Immediately administer oxygen.

Question 30

While assessing a newborn, you observe a bluish discoloration of the hands and feet. This finding is most likely:

Accepted Answer

Acrocyanosis

Answer

Erythema toxicum

Answer

Jaundice

Answer

Cyanosis

Question 31

Which reflex is typically absent at birth and emerges later during infancy?

Accepted Answer

Babinski reflex

Answer

Moro reflex

Answer

Rooting reflex

Answer

Sucking reflex

Question 32

A newborn's axillary temperature is 97.2°F (36.2°C). The most appropriate nursing action is to:

Accepted Answer

Wrap the newborn in a warm blanket and recheck the temperature in 30 minutes.

Answer

Offer the newborn a bottle of formula.

Answer

Place the newborn under a radiant warmer.

Answer

Administer a warm bath.

Question 33

A newborn has a glucose level of 40 mg/dL. The most appropriate nursing intervention is to:

Accepted Answer

Initiate oral feedings with breast milk or formula.

Answer

Encourage the mother to breastfeed more frequently.

Answer

Administer intravenous dextrose.

Answer

Monitor the newborn closely and recheck the glucose level in 2 hours.

Question 34

During a newborn's physical examination, you observe a pulsating bulge in the fontanelle. This finding is most indicative of:

Accepted Answer

Increased intracranial pressure.

Answer

Hypoglycemia.

Answer

Normal variation in newborns.

Answer

Dehydration.

Question 35

Which of the following is a reliable indicator of respiratory distress in a newborn?

Accepted Answer

Nasal flaring.

Answer

A weak cry.

Answer

Meconium stool.

Answer

Acral cyanosis.

Question 36

A newborn is experiencing frequent regurgitation and projectile vomiting. What laboratory test is most likely indicated?

Accepted Answer

Electrolyte panel.

Answer

Blood culture.

Answer

Complete blood count.

Answer

Urinalysis.

Question 37

A newborn's gestational age is assessed using:

Accepted Answer

The New Ballard Score.

Answer

The Brazelton Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale.

Answer

The Denver II Developmental Screening Test.

Answer

The Apgar score.

Question 38

A newborn's first stool is typically:

Accepted Answer

Meconium.

Answer

Watery and clear.

Answer

Yellow and seedy.

Question 39

Which of the following is NOT included in a complete physical examination of a newborn?

Accepted Answer

Checking for jaundice

Answer

Inspecting the skin

Answer

Assessing the respiratory rate

Answer

Measuring the head circumference

Question 40

What is the normal Apgar score for a healthy newborn?

Accepted Answer

8 or higher

Answer

5 or higher

Answer

12

Answer

10

Question 41

Which of the following is a sign of neonatal sepsis?

Accepted Answer

Lethargy

Answer

Weight gain

Answer

Good feeding

Answer

Crying

Question 42

What is the purpose of the heel stick test?

Accepted Answer

To screen for metabolic disorders

Answer

To measure glucose levels

Answer

To check for anemia

Answer

To evaluate oxygen levels

Question 43

Which of the following reflexes is NOT present in a newborn?

Accepted Answer

Babinski reflex

Answer

Rooting reflex

Answer

Moro reflex

Answer

Grasp reflex

Question 44

What is the ideal temperature range for a newborn?

Accepted Answer

36.5-37.5°C

Answer

38-40°C

Answer

40-42°C

Answer

34-36°C

Question 45

Which of the following is a risk factor for respiratory distress syndrome?

Accepted Answer

Premature birth

Answer

High birth weight

Answer

Term birth

Question 46

What is the recommended frequency for newborn weight checks?

Accepted Answer

Daily for the first week

Answer

Quarterly for the first two years

Answer

Weekly for the first month

Answer

Monthly for the first year

Question 47

Which of the following is a sign of dehydration in a newborn?

Accepted Answer

Sunken fontanelles

Answer

Firm fontanelles

Answer

Bulging fontanelles

Answer

Full fontanelles

Question 48

What type of feeding method is most recommended for exclusive breastfeeding?

Accepted Answer

On-demand feeding

Answer

Mixed feeding

Answer

Scheduled feeding

Answer

Bottle feeding