Health Promotion and Disease Prevention: Essential Knowledge for Medical-Surgical Nurses

Question 1

What is the primary objective of health promotion?

Accepted Answer

Preventing illness and promoting well-being

Answer

Treating and curing diseases

Answer

Reducing healthcare costs

Answer

Educating patients about their conditions

Question 2

Which of the following is a modifiable risk factor for coronary artery disease?

Accepted Answer

High blood pressure

Answer

Age

Answer

Family history

Answer

Gender

Question 3

What is the recommended daily intake of fruits and vegetables?

Accepted Answer

4-5 cups

Answer

2 cups

Answer

6-8 cups

Answer

10 cups or more

Question 4

What is the purpose of a fall risk assessment?

Accepted Answer

To identify individuals at risk of falling

Answer

To prevent falls entirely

Answer

To provide support for individuals who have fallen

Answer

To decrease the cost of falls

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT a role of a nurse in health promotion?

Accepted Answer

Prescribing medications

Answer

Educating patients

Answer

Advocating for patients

Answer

Conducting research

Question 6

What is the primary consideration when developing a health promotion program?

Accepted Answer

The target population

Answer

The available resources

Answer

The latest research

Answer

The political climate

Question 7

Which principle of health promotion emphasizes the promotion of self-reliance and accountability?

Accepted Answer

Emphasizing individual responsibility

Answer

Focusing on early detection and prevention

Answer

Encouraging dependence on healthcare professionals

Answer

Promoting access to healthcare

Question 8

Which of the following risk factors for cardiovascular disease can be modified through lifestyle changes?

Accepted Answer

Smoking

Answer

Age

Answer

Gender

Answer

Family history

Question 9

What is the primary goal of patient education in health promotion?

Accepted Answer

To facilitate positive behavioral changes

Answer

To increase awareness of health risks

Answer

To improve overall quality of life

Answer

To reduce healthcare costs

Question 10

When planning health promotion programs, which of these is NOT a legal concern for nurses?

Accepted Answer

Focusing on cost-effectiveness

Answer

Protecting patient privacy

Answer

Obtaining informed consent

Question 11

Precisely, which of the following is a fundamental principle of health promotion?

Accepted Answer

Empowering individuals to make healthy choices

Answer

Focusing on early detection and screening of diseases

Answer

Treating acute illnesses with advanced medical technologies

Answer

Preventing transmission of infectious diseases

Question 12

For women aged 40 and older, which screening test is recommended for early detection of breast cancer?

Accepted Answer

Mammogram

Answer

Pap smear

Answer

Colonoscopy

Answer

Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test

Question 13

To achieve optimal health, what is the recommended daily intake of fruits and vegetables?

Accepted Answer

5 servings

Answer

2 servings

Answer

7 servings

Answer

10 servings

Question 14

Which of the following is an example of a behavioral intervention commonly used for smoking cessation?

Accepted Answer

Providing motivational interviewing

Answer

Prescribing nicotine replacement therapy (NRT)

Answer

Administering acupuncture

Answer

Performing a laryngectomy

Question 15

What is the fundamental purpose of a health risk assessment?

Accepted Answer

To identify individuals who may be at high risk for developing chronic diseases

Answer

To diagnose and treat acute illnesses

Answer

To monitor the progression of chronic conditions

Answer

To determine eligibility for health insurance coverage

Question 16

Cultural sensitivity plays a crucial role in health promotion interventions. What is its primary function?

Accepted Answer

To ensure that interventions are tailored to the specific needs and values of diverse populations

Answer

To avoid offending patients and families

Answer

To comply with ethical guidelines

Answer

To increase patient satisfaction

Question 17

How do nurses use evidence-based practice to promote health and prevent disease?

Accepted Answer

They carefully evaluate research and apply it to their work.

Answer

They rely on their experience and intuition.

Answer

They use interventions that worked in the past.

Answer

They follow the latest trends in healthcare, even without evidence.

Question 18

How can technology like health apps and wearable devices help improve health promotion and disease prevention?

Accepted Answer

Increase patient engagement and self-management

Accepted Answer

Monitor health in real-time

Answer

Reduce healthcare costs

Answer

Eliminate the need for doctor visits

Question 19

How do nurses primarily contribute to interprofessional collaboration in health promotion and disease prevention?

Accepted Answer

Nurses facilitate communication and coordination among healthcare professionals.

Answer

Nurses provide primary care.

Answer

Nurses conduct research on health promotion and disease prevention.

Question 20

Which of the following is a fundamental principle of health promotion?

Accepted Answer

Empowering individuals to take responsibility for their health

Answer

Treating illness exclusively after it manifests

Answer

Solely relying on healthcare professionals for health maintenance

Question 21

A patient with a history of cardiovascular disease is preparing for discharge from the hospital. Which lifestyle modification should the nurse emphasize as a primary prevention measure?

Accepted Answer

Implementing regular exercise and a heart-healthy diet

Answer

Taking multiple vitamins and supplements without medical guidance

Answer

Limiting social activities and interactions

Answer

Receiving an annual flu vaccination

Question 22

Which of the following is a modifiable risk factor for developing type 2 diabetes?

Accepted Answer

Obesity

Answer

Advanced age

Answer

Family history of the condition

Answer

Genetic predisposition

Question 23

Which of the following is a central role of nurses in health promotion and disease prevention?

Accepted Answer

Educating patients on healthy behaviors and self-care practices

Answer

Prescribing medications independently

Answer

Exclusively providing care to patients with acute illnesses

Question 24

A patient is undergoing cancer screening. Which of the following tests falls under the category of secondary prevention?

Accepted Answer

Mammogram

Answer

Patient education sessions

Answer

Lifestyle counseling

Answer

Comprehensive health history assessment

Question 25

Which of the following can be a potential barrier to adopting healthy behaviors?

Accepted Answer

Low self-efficacy

Answer

Convenient access to healthcare

Answer

Abundance of resources

Answer

Strong social support

Question 26

A patient has received a diagnosis of hypertension. Which lifestyle modification should the nurse encourage to help manage the condition?

Accepted Answer

Reducing sodium intake and engaging in regular physical activity

Answer

Smoking cigarettes

Answer

Increasing alcohol consumption

Question 27

Which of the following is considered a social determinant of health?

Accepted Answer

Income level

Answer

Height

Answer

Eye color

Answer

Hair color

Question 28

Which of the following is an indicator of population health?

Accepted Answer

Life expectancy

Answer

Total number of hospital beds available

Answer

Ratio of physicians to patients

Question 29

Which of the following is NOT a recognized principle of health promotion?

Accepted Answer

Treating acute illnesses

Answer

Empowering individuals

Answer

Interdisciplinary collaboration

Answer

Focusing on prevention

Question 30

Which of the following preventive measures is most effective in reducing the spread of respiratory infections?

Accepted Answer

Handwashing with soap and water

Answer

Coughing into the air without covering the mouth

Answer

Using antibiotics without a prescription

Answer

Avoiding contact with individuals who exhibit symptoms

Question 31

Which imaging technique is recommended for early detection of breast cancer?

Accepted Answer

Mammogram

Answer

Chest X-ray

Answer

Ultrasound

Answer

Pap smear

Question 32

Which lifestyle factor is a modifiable risk factor for developing cardiovascular disease?

Accepted Answer

Smoking

Answer

Family history

Answer

Age

Answer

Race

Question 33

Which approach is most effective for promoting self-management in patients with chronic illnesses?

Accepted Answer

Tailoring education to individual needs and preferences

Answer

Using a one-size-fits-all approach to education

Answer

Focusing solely on disease-specific information

Answer

Prescribing medication without clear instructions

Question 34

Which of the following is a key component of effective patient education?

Accepted Answer

Clear and understandable language tailored to the patient's literacy level

Answer

Avoiding repetition and reinforcement of key messages

Answer

Using medical jargon and technical terms

Answer

Overwhelming the patient with excessive information

Question 35

Which of the following is a primary goal of the Healthy People 2030 initiative?

Accepted Answer

Reducing the burden of chronic diseases

Answer

Increasing access to tertiary care

Answer

Improving the quality of healthcare facilities

Answer

Eliminating infectious diseases

Question 36

What is the primary objective of health promotion?

Accepted Answer

Promoting well-being, improving quality of life, and preventing illness

Answer

Preventing the spread of infectious diseases

Answer

Managing chronic conditions

Answer

Curing diseases

Question 37

Which of the following is NOT an advantage of regular physical activity?

Accepted Answer

Elevated risk of cardiovascular disease

Answer

Enhanced muscular strength and flexibility

Answer

Improved cognitive function

Answer

Reduced levels of anxiety and stress

Question 38

In patient education for disease prevention, which element is considered crucial?

Accepted Answer

Empowering patients with self-care skills and knowledge

Answer

Solely emphasizing treatment options

Answer

Using excessive medical jargon

Question 39

Which of the following factors increases the risk of developing chronic diseases like heart disease or cancer?

Accepted Answer

Obesity

Answer

Moderate alcohol consumption

Answer

Frequent hand washing

Answer

Occasional smoking

Question 40

Which of the following can be modified to reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes?

Accepted Answer

Unhealthy eating habits

Answer

Family predisposition

Answer

Ethnicity

Answer

Age

Question 41

A key tenet of the transtheoretical model of behavior change is that:

Accepted Answer

Individuals progress through stages of change at their unique pace

Answer

Everyone is inherently ready to change

Answer

Change occurs linearly and predictably

Question 42

Which strategy is effective in improving adherence to medication regimens?

Accepted Answer

Simplifying medication schedules

Answer

Prescribing numerous medications simultaneously

Answer

Withholding patient education

Answer

Discontinuing medications if side effects arise

Question 43

What is a primary goal of community-based health promotion initiatives?

Accepted Answer

Empowering individuals and communities to take ownership of their health

Answer

Providing free healthcare to all community members

Answer

Eliminating health disparities entirely

Question 44

Which of the following is a fundamental principle of the World Health Organization's (WHO) Health Promotion Model?

Accepted Answer

Health is a resource that supports everyday living

Answer

Health is the absence of any disease or illness

Answer

Health can only be achieved through medical interventions

Answer

Health is a gift bestowed by a higher power

Question 45

Which of the following is a fundamental principle of health promotion?

Accepted Answer

Empowering individuals to make informed choices about their health

Answer

Focusing solely on individual behavior change

Answer

Providing medical treatment for acute conditions

Answer

Enforcing strict adherence to health guidelines

Question 46

Which of the following is a primary prevention strategy for disease?

Accepted Answer

Immunizations against preventable diseases

Answer

Emergency response planning

Answer

Surveillance of infectious diseases

Answer

Treatment of chronic conditions

Question 47

What is a significant barrier to health promotion and disease prevention in underserved communities?

Accepted Answer

Limited access to affordable and quality healthcare

Answer

Genetic predisposition to certain diseases

Answer

Unhealthy personal habits

Answer

Environmental pollution

Question 48

Which of the following is an effective strategy for patient education in health promotion?

Accepted Answer

Using clear and concise language that is easy to understand

Answer

Focusing on technical medical jargon

Answer

Overloading patients with information

Answer

Assuming patients have a comprehensive understanding of medical concepts

Question 49

What is a key role of the nurse in health promotion and disease prevention?

Accepted Answer

Educating patients about healthy behaviors and disease prevention strategies

Answer

Performing complex medical procedures

Answer

Providing end-of-life care

Answer

Prescribing medications to treat illnesses

Question 50

Which of the following is a modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease?

Accepted Answer

Smoking

Answer

Gender

Answer

Family history

Answer

Age

Question 51

What is an ethical consideration in health promotion and disease prevention?

Accepted Answer

Respecting patient autonomy and the right to make informed decisions about their health

Answer

Reducing healthcare costs

Answer

Maximizing treatment effectiveness

Answer

Ensuring compliance with government regulations