Fluid Machinery: Pumps, Turbines, Compressors, Fans, and Fluid Power Systems

Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a type of turbomachinery?

Accepted Answer

Compactors

Answer

Pumps

Answer

Turbines

Answer

Compressors

Question 2

What is the primary function of a pump?

Accepted Answer

To convert mechanical energy into fluid energy

Answer

To convert electrical energy into fluid energy

Answer

To convert fluid energy into mechanical energy

Answer

To convert fluid energy into electrical energy

Question 3

Which of the following is a type of centrifugal pump?

Accepted Answer

Volute pump

Answer

Axial flow pump

Answer

Mixed flow pump

Answer

Positive displacement pump

Question 4

What is the purpose of a diffuser in a fluid machinery system?

Accepted Answer

To convert kinetic energy into pressure energy

Answer

To increase fluid pressure

Answer

To decrease fluid pressure

Answer

To convert pressure energy into kinetic energy

Question 5

What is the advantage of using a multi-stage turbine over a single-stage turbine?

Accepted Answer

Higher efficiency

Answer

Lower cost

Answer

Smaller size

Answer

Lower operating speed

Question 6

Which compressor type operates with air flowing parallel to the axis of rotation?

Accepted Answer

Axial compressor

Answer

Centrifugal compressor

Answer

Positive displacement compressor

Answer

Radial compressor

Question 7

Which fluid is commonly used in hydraulic systems?

Accepted Answer

Mineral oil

Answer

Water

Answer

Air

Answer

Steam

Question 8

The primary function of a relief valve in a fluid power system is to:

Accepted Answer

Protect the system from overpressure

Answer

Maintain a constant flow rate

Answer

Control the direction of fluid flow

Answer

Reduce pressure fluctuations

Question 9

Which of the following directly affects the flow rate and pressure head produced by a pump impeller?

Accepted Answer

Blade shape

Accepted Answer

Impeller diameter

Accepted Answer

Impeller speed

Answer

Pump casing shape

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT a major type of fluid machinery?

Accepted Answer

Internal combustion engines

Answer

Pumps

Answer

Turbines

Answer

Fans

Question 11

What is the primary function of a centrifugal pump?

Accepted Answer

Increase the pressure of a fluid

Answer

Generate lift

Answer

Convert mechanical energy into kinetic energy

Answer

Cool a fluid

Question 12

Which principle underpins the operation of a compressor?

Accepted Answer

Positive displacement

Answer

Centrifugal force

Answer

Axial flow

Answer

Bernoulli's equation

Question 13

What is the purpose of the specific speed of a pump?

Accepted Answer

Classify the pump's type

Answer

Determine the pump's operating point

Answer

Predict the pump's efficiency

Answer

Calculate the pump's power consumption

Question 14

Which component is typically used for flow control in fluid power systems?

Accepted Answer

Valves

Answer

Filters

Answer

Accumulators

Answer

Reservoirs

Question 15

Which of the following is not a type of fluid machinery?

Accepted Answer

Electric motors

Answer

Pumps

Answer

Turbines

Answer

Compressors

Question 16

What is the primary function of a pump?

Accepted Answer

To convert mechanical energy into fluid energy to move fluids

Answer

To convert fluid energy into mechanical energy to generate power

Answer

To control the flow of fluid by regulating its velocity

Answer

To separate solid particles from fluid using a physical barrier

Question 17

What is the primary purpose of a compressor in a fluid machinery system?

Accepted Answer

To increase the pressure and density of a gas

Answer

To decrease the pressure and density of a gas

Answer

To control the flow rate of a gas by adjusting its velocity

Answer

To separate liquid droplets from a gas stream using a mechanical filter

Question 18

What is the function of a diffuser in a centrifugal compressor?

Accepted Answer

To increase the pressure of the compressed gas by converting kinetic energy into pressure energy

Answer

To decrease the pressure of the compressed gas by expanding its volume

Answer

To increase the velocity of the compressed gas to enhance its kinetic energy

Answer

To decrease the velocity of the compressed gas to reduce its kinetic energy

Question 19

Which type of fluid power system utilizes a pressurized hydraulic fluid to transmit power and motion?

Accepted Answer

Hydraulic system

Answer

Pneumatic system

Answer

Electro-hydraulic system

Answer

Mechanical system

Question 20

Which fan type is designed to move large volumes of air at low pressure, making it ideal for ventilation applications?

Accepted Answer

Axial fan

Answer

Centrifugal fan

Answer

Mixed flow fan

Question 21

Which of the following is NOT a primary type of fluid machinery?

Accepted Answer

Generators

Answer

Pumps

Answer

Turbines

Answer

Compressors

Question 22

Which type of pump is most suitable for applications involving high-pressure fluids?

Accepted Answer

Positive displacement pump

Answer

Centrifugal pump

Answer

Axial flow pump

Answer

Mixed flow pump

Question 23

What is the primary cause of cavitation in a fluid machine?

Accepted Answer

Low pressure on the fluid

Answer

High pressure on the fluid

Answer

High temperature on the fluid

Answer

Low temperature on the fluid

Question 24

What is the mathematical representation of the ideal gas law?

Accepted Answer

PV = nRT

Answer

PV = constant

Answer

T = PV/nR

Answer

P = nRT/V

Question 25

Which type of fluid flow is characterized by a high degree of disorder and random motion?

Accepted Answer

Turbulent flow

Answer

Laminar flow

Answer

Stokes flow

Answer

Poiseuille flow

Question 26

In a fluid power system, which component transforms hydraulic energy into mechanical energy?

Accepted Answer

Turbine

Answer

Pump

Answer

Compressor

Answer

Fan

Question 27

How does the impeller diameter influence the head generated by a centrifugal pump?

Accepted Answer

Increases linearly with increasing diameter

Answer

Decreases linearly with increasing diameter

Answer

Remains constant regardless of diameter

Answer

Increases exponentially with increasing diameter

Question 28

Which of the following is not a type of fluid machinery used in engineering applications?

Accepted Answer

Electric motors

Answer

Pumps

Answer

Compressors

Answer

Fluid power systems

Question 29

The primary purpose of a turbine in a fluid machinery system is to:

Accepted Answer

Convert hydraulic energy to mechanical energy

Answer

Convert mechanical energy to hydraulic energy

Answer

Increase the pressure of a fluid

Answer

Create a vacuum

Question 30

The Reynolds number is a dimensionless parameter commonly used to characterize:

Accepted Answer

Different flow regimes in pipes

Answer

Performance characteristics of pumps

Answer

Efficiency of compressors

Answer

Design of fan blades

Question 31

Fluid power systems find applications in various fields. Which of the following is NOT a common application area?

Accepted Answer

Electrical power generation

Answer

Industrial machinery

Answer

Automotive braking systems

Answer

Aerospace hydraulic systems

Question 32

The specific speed of a pump is primarily a measure of its:

Accepted Answer

Head and flow capacity

Answer

Physical size

Answer

Efficiency

Answer

Impeller geometry

Question 33

What factors primarily determine the efficiency of a turbine?

Accepted Answer

Flow rate and blade design

Answer

Speed and fluid type

Answer

Pressure and temperature

Question 34

Identify the common type of positive displacement pump.

Accepted Answer

Reciprocating pump

Answer

Axial-flow pump

Answer

Turbine

Answer

Centrifugal pump

Question 35

What is the main function of a turbine?

Accepted Answer

Transform fluid energy into mechanical energy

Answer

Convert mechanical energy into fluid energy

Answer

Measure fluid pressure

Answer

Regulate fluid flow

Question 36

Differentiate between a fan and a compressor.

Accepted Answer

Compressors increase fluid pressure, unlike fans.

Answer

Fans are smaller than compressors.

Answer

Compressors are solely for gases, whereas fans are for liquids.

Question 37

What is the role of a surge tank in a hydroelectric power plant?

Accepted Answer

Reduce pressure fluctuations in the penstock

Answer

Manage water flow to the turbine

Answer

Serve as a backup power source

Answer

Store water for future use

Question 38

What is the purpose of a diffuser in a centrifugal pump?

Accepted Answer

Convert velocity energy into pressure energy

Answer

Alter the direction of fluid flow

Answer

Raise the fluid's flow rate

Answer

Decrease the fluid's pressure

Question 39

Identify a distinguishing characteristic of a positive displacement compressor.

Accepted Answer

Constant volume during compression

Answer

Exceptional efficiency at low pressures

Answer

Continuous fluid flow

Question 40

What is the main application of a fluid coupling?

Accepted Answer

Transmit torque between two rotating shafts

Answer

Measure fluid pressure

Answer

Control fluid flow

Answer

Pump fluids

Question 41

A centrifugal pump is used to pump water from a reservoir to a tank at a higher elevation. Which of the following describes the operation of the pump?

Accepted Answer

The impeller imparts kinetic energy to the water, which is then converted to pressure energy as the water flows through the pump casing.

Answer

The pump pushes the water directly from the reservoir to the tank.

Answer

The pump creates a vacuum in the reservoir, which draws the water up into the pump housing.

Question 42

A fan is used to move air. Which of the following statements is TRUE about the operation of a fan?

Accepted Answer

The fan blades rotate and create a flow of air.

Answer

The fan operates on the principle of Bernoulli's theorem.

Answer

The fan uses a belt to drive the blades.

Question 43

A fluid power system uses a fluid to transmit power. Which of the following is an example of a fluid power system?

Accepted Answer

A hydraulic system

Answer

An electrical system

Answer

A mechanical system

Question 44

Which of the following is a function of a fan?

Accepted Answer

To provide cooling

Answer

To provide power

Answer

To provide lighting

Answer

To provide heating

Question 45

Which of these is NOT a primary component of a centrifugal pump?

Accepted Answer

Diffuser

Answer

Impeller

Answer

Volute

Answer

Suction pipe

Question 46

What is the primary role of guide vanes in a turbine?

Accepted Answer

To direct the flow of fluid efficiently onto the runner blades

Answer

To increase the pressure of the fluid before it enters the runner

Answer

To prevent cavitation

Question 47

Which type of compressor relies on a positive displacement mechanism for operation?

Accepted Answer

Reciprocating compressor

Answer

Axial compressor

Answer

Mixed flow compressor

Answer

Centrifugal compressor

Question 48

What is the fundamental function of a fan?

Accepted Answer

To move air or gases

Answer

To compress gases

Answer

To pump liquids

Answer

To generate electricity

Question 49

What is a significant advantage of utilizing fluid power systems?

Accepted Answer

High power density

Answer

Complex control systems

Answer

Low efficiency

Answer

High maintenance costs

Question 50

What is the key difference between a positive displacement pump and a rotodynamic pump?

Accepted Answer

Positive displacement pumps deliver a fixed volume per revolution, while rotodynamic pumps deliver a flow rate proportional to their speed

Answer

Positive displacement pumps are suitable for high-pressure applications, while rotodynamic pumps are used for low-pressure applications

Question 51

What does the specific speed of a turbine represent?

Accepted Answer

A dimensionless parameter characterizing the operating conditions of a turbine

Answer

The speed at which the turbine achieves maximum power output

Answer

The speed at which the turbine stalls

Question 52

Which of these is NOT a common type of impeller used in centrifugal compressors?

Accepted Answer

Mixed flow impeller

Answer

Vaned impeller

Answer

Radial impeller

Answer

Axial impeller

Question 53

What is the main purpose of a diffuser in a centrifugal fan?

Accepted Answer

To convert the kinetic energy of the airflow into static pressure

Answer

To increase the flow velocity

Answer

To reduce noise

Answer

To prevent cavitation

Question 54

Which of the following is NOT a factor that significantly influences the efficiency of a fluid power system?

Accepted Answer

Temperature

Answer

Flow rate

Answer

Pressure