Statistics for Healthcare Research: Quizzes and Practice Tests

Question 1

Which of the options below is NOT a measure of central tendency?

Accepted Answer

Standard deviation

Answer

Mean

Answer

Median

Answer

Mode

Question 2

A researcher wants to determine if there is a significant difference in the average age of patients between two hospitals. Which inferential statistical test is the most appropriate?

Accepted Answer

t-test

Answer

Chi-squared test

Answer

ANOVA

Answer

Regression analysis

Question 3

What is the primary purpose of conducting a hypothesis test in research?

Accepted Answer

To determine whether there is sufficient evidence to reject the null hypothesis

Answer

To determine the strength and direction of a relationship

Answer

To predict future outcomes

Answer

To compare multiple groups

Question 4

When measuring a variable that represents a person's gender, what is the appropriate level of measurement?

Accepted Answer

Nominal

Answer

Ordinal

Answer

Interval

Answer

Ratio

Question 5

What is the key distinction between a population and a sample in research?

Accepted Answer

A population is the entire group of individuals of interest, while a sample is a subset of that population.

Answer

A sample is larger than a population.

Answer

A population is a theoretical concept, while a sample is a real-world representation.

Answer

There is no difference between a population and a sample.

Question 6

What is the main purpose of constructing a confidence interval in research?

Accepted Answer

To estimate a range of values within which the true population parameter is likely to fall, with a specified level of confidence.

Answer

To determine whether there is a significant difference between two groups.

Answer

To test the validity of a hypothesis.

Answer

To predict future outcomes.

Question 7

Which of the options below is an example of a non-parametric statistical test?

Accepted Answer

Spearman's rank correlation

Answer

Chi-squared test

Answer

t-test

Answer

ANOVA

Question 8

What is the primary difference between qualitative and quantitative research methodologies?

Accepted Answer

Qualitative research is exploratory, while quantitative research is confirmatory.

Answer

Qualitative research uses numerical data, while quantitative research uses non-numerical data.

Answer

Qualitative research is subjective, while quantitative research is objective.

Answer

There is no difference between qualitative and quantitative research.

Question 9

When dealing with data that is not normally distributed, which measure of central tendency is most appropriate?

Accepted Answer

Median

Answer

Mean

Answer

Mode

Answer

Range

Question 10

Select the type of sampling error that occurs when the sample is not representative of the population.

Accepted Answer

Selection bias

Answer

Measurement error

Answer

Response bias

Answer

Non-response bias

Question 11

In a research study testing the effectiveness of a new drug, which hypothesis states that the drug will reduce blood pressure?

Accepted Answer

The new drug reduces blood pressure

Answer

The new drug has no effect on blood pressure

Answer

The new drug increases blood pressure

Answer

The new drug is safe for use

Question 12

Which statistical test is used to compare the means of two independent groups?

Accepted Answer

t-test

Answer

ANOVA

Answer

Chi-square test

Answer

Regression analysis

Question 13

In a survey, 60% of respondents reported using a telehealth service in the past year. What is the population proportion of telehealth users?

Accepted Answer

0.6

Answer

0.4

Answer

0.8

Answer

1.0

Question 14

A correlation coefficient of -0.7 between smoking and lung cancer indicates that:

Accepted Answer

Smoking is a risk factor for lung cancer

Answer

Lung cancer is a risk factor for smoking

Answer

There is no relationship between smoking and lung cancer

Answer

The relationship between smoking and lung cancer is weak

Question 15

What is the key difference between descriptive and inferential statistics?

Accepted Answer

Descriptive statistics summarize data, while inferential statistics draw conclusions from data.

Answer

Descriptive statistics use measures of central tendency, while inferential statistics use measures of variability.

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT a measure of central tendency?

Accepted Answer

Variance

Answer

Mean

Answer

Median

Answer

Mode

Question 17

What is the primary purpose of descriptive statistics?

Accepted Answer

To summarize and describe data

Answer

To make inferences about a population

Answer

To test hypotheses

Answer

To predict future events

Question 18

Which measure is used to describe the spread of data?

Accepted Answer

Variance

Answer

Range

Answer

Percentile

Answer

Correlation coefficient

Question 19

What is the key difference between a population and a sample?

Accepted Answer

A population includes all individuals, while a sample represents a subset

Answer

A sample includes all individuals, while a population represents a subset

Answer

Populations and samples are identical

Answer

Populations are only relevant in inferential statistics

Question 20

Which measurement level allows for mathematical operations like addition and division?

Accepted Answer

Ratio

Answer

Nominal

Answer

Ordinal

Answer

Interval

Question 21

What is the null hypothesis in inferential statistics?

Accepted Answer

The hypothesis that assumes no significant difference

Answer

The hypothesis that assumes a significant difference

Answer

The hypothesis that is not rejected

Answer

The hypothesis that is being tested

Question 22

What does the p-value in hypothesis testing represent?

Accepted Answer

The likelihood of observing the data if the null hypothesis is true

Answer

The likelihood of observing the data if the alternative hypothesis is true

Answer

The level of significance

Answer

The probability of making a Type I error

Question 23

What is the primary goal of a research proposal?

Accepted Answer

To secure funding and outline the research plan

Answer

To present the research findings

Answer

To analyze the collected data

Answer

To disseminate the research