Historical Evolution of Healthcare Policy in the US: Online Learning Quizzes

Question 1

What was the central objective of establishing Medicare and Medicaid in 1965?

Accepted Answer

Provide health insurance coverage to seniors, low-income individuals, and individuals with disabilities

Answer

Control the spiraling medical expenses

Answer

Enhance mental healthcare services

Answer

Promote preventive medicine

Question 2

Which of the following principles is not a fundamental aspect of the US healthcare system?

Accepted Answer

Universal healthcare access

Answer

Free-market competition principles

Answer

Emphasis on personal responsibility

Answer

Governmental regulations within the healthcare industry

Question 3

What was the significance of the Hill-Burton Act enacted in 1946?

Accepted Answer

Provided federal funding for constructing and expanding hospitals

Answer

Established the initial national health insurance

Answer

Founded the National Institutes of Health (NIH)

Answer

Extended Medicare coverage to disabled individuals

Question 4

What is the primary responsibility of the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) within the US healthcare system?

Accepted Answer

Administering the Medicare and Medicaid programs

Answer

Establishing quality standards for healthcare providers

Answer

Negotiating drug prices with pharmaceutical companies

Answer

Conducting research on healthcare policy

Question 5

What were the main provisions of the Emergency Medical Treatment and Active Labor Act (EMTALA)?

Accepted Answer

Requiring healthcare facilities to provide emergency medical care irrespective of payment ability

Answer

Establishing national standards for emergency treatment

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Creating a system for monitoring and evaluating patient treatment outcomes

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Providing funding for the establishment of community health centers

Question 6

Which of the following accurately describes a single-payer healthcare system?

Accepted Answer

Government acts as the sole insurer

Answer

Private health insurance companies are completely eliminated

Answer

Individuals have no freedom to choose healthcare providers

Answer

Healthcare costs are typically higher compared to other systems

Question 7

What was the primary goal of the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) of 1996?

Accepted Answer

Protecting the privacy of patient health information

Answer

Expanding access to health insurance coverage

Answer

Controlling escalating healthcare expenditure

Answer

Enhancing the quality of healthcare services

Question 8

The Flexner Report (1910) primarily addressed which aspect of healthcare policy?

Accepted Answer

Regulation of medical education

Answer

Expansion of hospital coverage

Answer

Development of public health programs

Answer

Establishment of the FDA

Question 9

The Social Security Act (1935) marked a turning point in healthcare policy by introducing:

Accepted Answer

Medicare and Medicaid

Answer

Universal healthcare coverage

Answer

Employer-based health insurance

Answer

Tax incentives for health savings accounts

Question 10

The Affordable Care Act (ACA) (2010) primarily aimed to address which major healthcare challenge?

Accepted Answer

Uninsured population

Answer

Rising healthcare costs

Answer

Inefficient healthcare system

Answer

Lack of access to prescription drugs

Question 11

Which ethical principle is central to decision-making in healthcare resource allocation?

Accepted Answer

Justice

Answer

Autonomy

Answer

Beneficence

Answer

Fidelity

Question 12

Which of the following is a fundamental principle of the public health approach to healthcare?

Accepted Answer

Emphasis on prevention and community-based interventions

Answer

Focus on individual responsibility and lifestyle choices

Answer

Privatization of healthcare services

Answer

Treatment of disease as the primary focus

Question 13

The 'Great Society' programs of the 1960s were primarily focused on:

Accepted Answer

Addressing economic inequality and social welfare

Answer

Increasing military spending and defense

Answer

Environmental protection and conservation

Answer

Healthcare reform and universal coverage

Question 14

The establishment of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) in 1948 was a major advancement in healthcare policy because it:

Accepted Answer

Centralized biomedical research and funding

Answer

Established national health insurance for all citizens

Answer

Enforced regulations on the pharmaceutical industry

Answer

Developed the first vaccines for polio and measles

Question 15

Which Act, enacted during the Great Depression, is recognized as the first major piece of healthcare legislation in the United States?

Accepted Answer

Social Security Act

Answer

Medicare Act

Answer

Hill-Burton Act

Answer

Affordable Care Act

Question 16

The Hill-Burton Act, passed in 1946, primarily aimed to:

Accepted Answer

Facilitate the construction and modernization of hospitals

Answer

Provide health insurance for senior citizens

Answer

Expand access to healthcare services for low-income individuals

Answer

Regulate the pharmaceutical industry

Question 17

The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, commonly known as the Affordable Care Act, was primarily designed to achieve which of the following objectives?

Accepted Answer

Accomplish all of the aforementioned objectives

Answer

Expand health insurance coverage

Answer

Reduce the cost of prescription drugs

Answer

Improve the quality of healthcare

Question 18

Healthcare policy in the United States is characterized as:

Accepted Answer

Constantly evolving and adapting

Answer

Fixed and unchanging

Answer

Primarily determined by the federal government

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Primarily determined by individual states

Question 19

Which event is considered a turning point in the shift towards government involvement in healthcare in the US?

Accepted Answer

The Great Depression

Answer

The Industrial Revolution

Answer

The American Revolution

Answer

The Civil War

Question 20

What was the significance of the Social Security Act of 1935 for US healthcare policy?

Accepted Answer

Established federal funding for old-age assistance and aid to dependent children, paving the way for future social welfare programs

Answer

Created a national health insurance program for all citizens

Question 21

The Hill-Burton Act of 1946 was intended to address which healthcare challenge?

Accepted Answer

Shortage of hospital beds and healthcare infrastructure, especially in rural areas

Answer

Rising healthcare costs

Answer

Limited access to specialized medical services

Question 22

What was a major impact of the Medicare and Medicaid programs?

Accepted Answer

Significant expansion of healthcare coverage for the elderly and low-income populations, but also contributed to rising healthcare costs

Answer

Eliminated healthcare disparities in the US

Question 23

The Health Maintenance Organization (HMO) model gained popularity as a response to what?

Accepted Answer

Rising healthcare costs and the need for cost-containment strategies

Answer

Emergence of new medical technologies

Answer

Increasing demand for specialized medical services

Question 24

Which factor was NOT a significant contributor to the healthcare reform debate in the early 2000s?

Accepted Answer

Growing influence of the pharmaceutical industry

Answer

Rising number of uninsured Americans

Answer

Concerns about rising healthcare costs

Question 25

Which of the following was NOT an objective of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) of 2010?

Accepted Answer

Eliminate private health insurance completely

Answer

Control rising healthcare costs

Answer

Improve the quality of healthcare

Answer

Expand health insurance coverage to millions of Americans

Question 26

What is a key characteristic of the historical evolution of healthcare policy in the US?

Accepted Answer

постепенный переход от преимущественно частной рыночной системы к системе с растущим государственным участием и регулированием

Answer

Постоянная приверженность обеспечению всеобщего доступа к медицинскому обслуживанию

Question 27

Из перечисленных событий: Великая депрессия, Вторая мировая война, Движение за гражданские права — какое из них оказало МЕНЬШЕЕ непосредственное влияние на развитие политики в сфере здравоохранения США?

Accepted Answer

Движение за гражданские права

Answer

Все три события оказали существенное влияние на политику в сфере здравоохранения.

Answer

Вторая мировая война

Answer

Великая депрессия

Question 28

Какая из перечисленных проблем продолжает определять политику здравоохранения в США сегодня?

Accepted Answer

Поиск баланса между доступностью, затратами и качеством медицинских услуг

Answer

Отсутствие государственного участия в здравоохранении

Answer

Доминирование частного медицинского страхования