Privacy Law and Cybersecurity: Essential Knowledge for Cybersecurity Professionals

Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a type of privacy protected under the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)?

Accepted Answer

Privacy of physical location

Answer

Privacy of medical records and information

Answer

Privacy of mental health information

Question 2

Which key principle of privacy law ensures that personal data is collected and processed only for specified, legitimate purposes and is not used for any other purpose?

Accepted Answer

Purpose limitation

Answer

Data minimization

Answer

Accountability

Answer

Data security

Question 3

Which US federal law specifically protects the privacy of health information?

Accepted Answer

Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)

Answer

Financial Modernization Act (GLBA)

Answer

Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act (GLBA)

Answer

Children's Online Privacy Protection Act (COPPA)

Question 4

What is the primary purpose of a privacy policy?

Accepted Answer

To provide clear and concise information to individuals about how their personal data is collected, used, and disclosed

Answer

To protect companies from legal liability

Answer

To meet regulatory compliance requirements

Answer

To obtain explicit consent from individuals for data processing

Question 5

Which US government agency has the authority to enforce privacy laws and regulations and investigate data breaches?

Accepted Answer

Federal Trade Commission (FTC)

Answer

Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI)

Answer

National Security Agency (NSA)

Answer

Department of Homeland Security (DHS)

Question 6

What is the primary purpose of the Fair Credit Reporting Act (FCRA)?

Accepted Answer

To ensure the accuracy and fairness of credit reports

Answer

To safeguard consumers from identity theft

Answer

To limit the use of consumer data for marketing purposes

Answer

To regulate the collection of personal data by businesses

Question 7

Under NIST SP 800-171, which type of organization is required to establish a written information security program (WISP)?

Accepted Answer

Federal agencies

Answer

State and local governments

Answer

Nonprofit organizations

Answer

Private companies

Question 8

What is the main purpose of the Computer Fraud and Abuse Act (CFAA)?

Accepted Answer

To criminalize unauthorized access to computer systems

Answer

To protect intellectual property rights

Answer

To regulate electronic surveillance

Answer

To combat cyberterrorism

Question 9

What is the primary objective of the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)?

Accepted Answer

To safeguard the privacy and security of health-related information

Answer

To regulate electronic health records

Answer

To ensure data interoperability

Answer

To prevent healthcare fraud

Question 10

Which agency plays a central role in enforcing consumer protection laws related to data privacy and cybersecurity?

Accepted Answer

Federal Trade Commission (FTC)

Answer

Federal Communications Commission (FCC)

Answer

Department of Justice (DOJ)

Answer

National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)

Question 11

What is the distinction between 'data minimization' and 'data retention' in the context of cybersecurity law?

Accepted Answer

Data minimization limits data collection, while data retention determines storage duration.

Answer

Data retention limits data collection, while data minimization determines storage duration.

Answer

They are synonymous terms.

Answer

Neither of the above.

Question 12

What is the primary purpose of conducting a 'privacy impact assessment' (PIA)?

Accepted Answer

To evaluate and mitigate potential privacy risks of new technologies or projects

Answer

To ensure compliance with regulatory requirements

Answer

To obtain explicit consent from affected individuals

Answer

To prevent data breaches

Question 13

Identify the key principle of the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) that emphasizes limiting the collection and retention of personal data to what is necessary for specific purposes.

Accepted Answer

Data minimization

Answer

Data maximization

Answer

Data retention

Answer

Data profiling

Question 14

What is the primary objective of the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)?

Accepted Answer

To safeguard the privacy and security of health information

Answer

To regulate the provision of health insurance

Answer

To standardize the electronic transmission of health records

Answer

To ensure the confidentiality of patient-provider communications

Question 15

Which of the following cybersecurity threats specifically targets the acquisition of sensitive personal information through deceptive means?

Accepted Answer

Phishing

Answer

Man-in-the-middle attack

Answer

SQL injection

Answer

Ransomware

Question 16

What is the fundamental purpose of employing encryption in the context of data protection?

Accepted Answer

To convert data into an unreadable format, safeguarding its confidentiality

Answer

To facilitate the sharing of data among authorized parties

Answer

To restrict unauthorized access to data

Answer

To guarantee the accuracy and reliability of data

Question 17

Identify the recommended practice for minimizing the risk of identity theft.

Accepted Answer

Utilizing strong and unique passwords across all accounts

Answer

Reusing the same password for multiple accounts

Answer

Disclosing personal information on social media platforms

Answer

Opening attachments in emails from unknown senders

Question 18

Distinguish between data privacy and data security by identifying their primary areas of focus.

Accepted Answer

Data privacy pertains to the safeguarding of the confidentiality of personal information, while data security encompasses the protection of its integrity and availability.

Answer

Data privacy deals with the ethical use of data, while data security solely concerns the prevention of data loss.

Answer

Data security involves protecting data from external threats, while data privacy focuses on internal data management.

Answer

Data privacy emphasizes the rights of individuals, whereas data security prioritizes the interests of organizations.

Question 19

Which element is crucial to include in a comprehensive privacy policy?

Accepted Answer

A clear description of the types of personal data collected and processed by the organization

Answer

A detailed explanation of the organization's data retention policy

Answer

A statement of the organization's mission and values

Answer

A list of all employees with access to personal data

Question 20

Identify the potential consequences of a data breach for affected individuals.

Accepted Answer

Identity theft, financial losses, reputational damage, and emotional distress

Answer

Physical injuries

Answer

Loss of voting rights

Answer

Environmental pollution

Question 21

What is a fundamental responsibility of organizations entrusted with personal data?

Accepted Answer

Implementing appropriate security measures to protect data from unauthorized access, use, or disclosure

Answer

Storing data indefinitely for future reference

Answer

Obtaining consent for each specific use of personal data

Answer

Providing affected individuals with free credit monitoring services

Question 22

Describe the primary role of government agencies in protecting privacy within the context of cybersecurity.

Accepted Answer

Enacting and enforcing privacy laws and regulations, promoting awareness, and collaborating with private sector organizations

Answer

Providing free cybersecurity software and training to individuals

Answer

Prosecuting individuals who violate privacy laws

Answer

Monitoring all internet activity to prevent data breaches