Memory Allocation and Paging: Master Memory Management Techniques

Question 1

What is a drawback of using paging for memory management?

Accepted Answer

Higher overhead

Answer

Better memory use

Answer

Less fragmentation

Answer

Easier memory management

Question 2

What is the primary advantage of using paging in memory management?

Accepted Answer

Increased memory utilization

Answer

Reduced external fragmentation

Answer

Improved processor performance

Answer

Simplified memory addressing

Question 3

In paging, what is the primary function of a page table?

Accepted Answer

Maintains the mapping between virtual and physical memory addresses

Answer

Manages page replacement algorithms

Answer

Allocates and tracks physical memory frames

Answer

Handles demand paging

Question 4

Which page replacement policy gives priority to pages that have been accessed less frequently?

Accepted Answer

Least Recently Used (LRU)

Answer

Most Recently Used (MRU)

Answer

First-In First-Out (FIFO)

Answer

Optimal Page Replacement

Question 5

Which factor does NOT influence the determination of page size?

Accepted Answer

Number of virtual memory addresses

Answer

Memory access time

Answer

Processor speed

Answer

Amount of physical memory

Question 6

What is the main purpose of the TLB (Translation Lookaside Buffer)?

Accepted Answer

To cache frequently accessed page table entries

Answer

To manage virtual memory addresses

Answer

To store page replacement policies

Answer

To handle paging exceptions

Question 7

What is NOT an advantage of paging in memory management?

Accepted Answer

Increased I/O operations

Answer

Improved memory utilization

Answer

Reduced internal fragmentation

Answer

Enhanced process isolation

Question 8

Which page replacement algorithm follows a First-In First-Out (FIFO) approach?

Accepted Answer

First-In First-Out (FIFO)

Answer

Least Recently Used (LRU)

Answer

Least Frequently Used (LFU)

Answer

Optimal Page Replacement

Question 9

How does demand paging help reduce page faults?

Accepted Answer

It loads pages into memory only when needed.

Answer

It pre-loads pages into memory before they are requested.

Answer

It prevents pages from being swapped out of memory.

Answer

It uses a stack-like approach to determine which pages to replace.

Question 10

What is an advantage of non-contiguous memory allocation?

Accepted Answer

Reduced external fragmentation

Answer

Increased memory utilization

Answer

Simplified memory management

Answer

Better performance

Question 11

Which paging technique divides physical memory into **equal-sized** frames?

Accepted Answer

Pure prepaging

Answer

Pure demand paging

Answer

Locality-based paging

Answer

Segmented paging

Question 12

What is the primary purpose of a page table?

Accepted Answer

To track the location of pages in physical memory

Answer

To control access to memory pages

Answer

To store the contents of pages that are not currently in memory

Answer

To determine the size of each page frame

Question 13

What is the key difference between a **page fault** and a **segmentation fault**?

Accepted Answer

Page faults occur when a page is not present in memory, while segmentation faults occur when a memory address is outside the bounds of a segment

Answer

Segmentation faults occur when a page is not present in memory, while page faults occur when a memory address is outside the bounds of a segment

Answer

Page faults are caused by hardware errors, while segmentation faults are caused by software errors

Answer

Segmentation faults are generally more severe than page faults

Question 14

What is the primary function of the memory management unit (MMU) in a computer system?

Accepted Answer

To translate logical addresses to physical addresses

Answer

To manage the allocation and deallocation of memory

Answer

To protect memory from unauthorized access

Answer

To control the flow of data between memory and the CPU

Question 15

Which of the following is **not** a type of memory allocation strategy?

Accepted Answer

Random sequencing

Answer

First-fit

Answer

Best-fit

Answer

Worst-fit

Question 16

Which of the following is a **contiguous** memory allocation technique?

Accepted Answer

Fixed partition allocation

Answer

Paging

Answer

Segmentation

Answer

Dynamic partition allocation

Question 17

What is the primary role of a **page table** in a paging system?

Accepted Answer

To map virtual memory addresses to physical memory addresses

Answer

To allocate physical memory to processes

Question 18

Which of the following is a **disadvantage** of non-contiguous memory allocation?

Accepted Answer

Increased external fragmentation

Answer

Potential for memory leaks

Question 19

What is the primary purpose of a **page fault**?

Accepted Answer

To indicate that a requested page is not present in physical memory

Answer

To signal an error in memory management

Question 20

Which memory allocation technique divides memory into fixed-sized, contiguous blocks?

Accepted Answer

Contiguous allocation

Answer

Non-contiguous allocation

Answer

Paging

Answer

Segmentation

Question 21

Which of the following is NOT an advantage of paging?

Accepted Answer

Improved processor performance

Answer

Reduced internal fragmentation

Answer

Efficient memory utilization

Answer

Simplified memory management

Question 22

What is the primary purpose of a page table?

Accepted Answer

To translate logical addresses into physical addresses

Answer

To manage the allocation of pages in memory

Answer

To optimize data retrieval from secondary storage

Answer

To detect and handle page faults

Question 23

Which page replacement algorithm prioritizes pages that have been most recently used?

Accepted Answer

Least Recently Used (LRU)

Answer

Most Recently Used (MRU)

Answer

Optimal Page Replacement (OPR)

Answer

First In First Out (FIFO)

Question 24

What is the technical term for the process of moving rarely used pages from memory to secondary storage?

Accepted Answer

Swapping

Answer

Paging

Answer

Segmentation

Answer

Trashing

Question 25

Which of the following is NOT a benefit of memory protection?

Accepted Answer

Improves performance

Answer

Prevents unauthorized access to memory

Answer

Enhances system reliability

Answer

Simplifies debugging

Question 26

In paging memory management, how does pre-paging enhance efficiency?

Accepted Answer

Pre-loads pages expected to be needed soon, minimizing page faults and boosting efficiency.

Answer

Divides memory into fixed-size pages, simplifying OS memory management.

Answer

Eliminates the need for page replacement algorithms, streamlining memory management.

Answer

Provides benefits only in large memory systems, not in smaller ones.

Question 27

What is a potential drawback of using contiguous memory allocation?

Accepted Answer

Internal fragmentation

Answer

Increased system performance

Answer

Optimal memory usage

Answer

Simplified memory management

Question 28

What is the primary function of a page table in a paging system?

Accepted Answer

To translate virtual memory addresses to physical memory addresses

Answer

To store the contents of physical memory

Answer

To manage the allocation of physical memory

Question 29

Which paging replacement algorithm aims to replace the page that has not been accessed for the longest time?

Accepted Answer

Least Recently Used (LRU)

Answer

First-In First-Out (FIFO)

Answer

Optimal

Answer

Most Recently Used (MRU)

Question 30

What is the primary advantage of using a buddy system for memory allocation?

Accepted Answer

Reduced fragmentation

Answer

Faster memory allocation

Answer

Increased memory utilization

Answer

Simplified memory management

Question 31

What is the main purpose of a Translation Lookaside Buffer (TLB) in a paging system?

Accepted Answer

To cache recently used page table entries

Answer

To manage the allocation of physical memory

Answer

To provide a paging algorithm

Answer

To store the contents of physical memory

Question 32

Which memory allocation technique allocates memory to processes as one contiguous block?

Accepted Answer

Contiguous allocation

Answer

Segmented allocation

Answer

Paged allocation

Question 33

What is the primary function of a page table?

Accepted Answer

To translate virtual addresses into physical addresses

Answer

To manage the allocation of physical memory

Answer

To store the contents of pages that are not currently in memory

Question 34

Which page replacement algorithm replaces the page that has not been used for the longest amount of time?

Accepted Answer

LRU (Least Recently Used)

Answer

RANDOM

Answer

FIFO (First In First Out)

Answer

Optimal

Question 35

What is the key advantage of using virtual memory?

Accepted Answer

It allows processes to access more memory than is physically available on the system

Answer

It speeds up memory access

Answer

It reduces memory fragmentation

Question 36

Which memory allocation technique divides memory into fixed-size blocks called pages?

Accepted Answer

Paged allocation

Answer

Contiguous allocation

Answer

Segmented allocation

Question 37

What is the term for the process of moving a page from memory to disk?

Accepted Answer

Page out

Answer

Page fault

Answer

Page in

Question 38

Which paging algorithm replaces the page that has been used the least amount of times?

Accepted Answer

LFU (Least Frequently Used)

Answer

RANDOM

Answer

Optimal

Answer

FIFO (First In First Out)

Question 39

What is the fundamental difference between contiguous and non-contiguous memory allocation?

Accepted Answer

Contiguous allocation allocates memory in one continuous block, while non-contiguous allocation allocates memory in multiple non-adjacent blocks.

Answer

Contiguous allocation is used for large programs, while non-contiguous allocation is used for small programs.

Question 40

What is the purpose of a TLB (Translation Lookaside Buffer)?

Accepted Answer

To enhance the performance of virtual address translation by caching recently used translations

Answer

To store the contents of pages that are not currently in memory

Answer

To manage the allocation of physical memory

Question 41

Which of the following is a potential drawback of using paging for memory management?

Accepted Answer

Increased fragmentation of physical memory.

Answer

Allows for processes to be larger than available physical memory.

Answer

Efficient use of physical memory.

Answer

Improved process isolation.

Question 42

A process requires 12MB of memory, but only 8MB is available contiguously in physical memory. How can the operating system accommodate this process using paging?

Accepted Answer

Divide the process into 4MB pages and allocate them to different non-contiguous physical memory locations.

Answer

Load only the first 8MB of the process, delaying the rest until more memory is available.

Question 43

What is the primary function of a page table in a paging system?

Accepted Answer

Mapping virtual addresses to physical addresses.

Answer

Protecting memory access by different processes.

Answer

Storing the code and data of a process.

Answer

Managing the allocation of physical memory.

Question 44

Which memory allocation technique is most susceptible to external fragmentation?

Accepted Answer

Contiguous allocation.

Answer

Segmented allocation.

Answer

Buddy system allocation.

Answer

Paged allocation.

Question 45

What is the main purpose of a TLB (Translation Lookaside Buffer) in a paging system?

Accepted Answer

Speed up address translation by caching frequently used page table entries.

Answer

Store the page table of a process.

Answer

Manage the allocation of physical memory.

Question 46

Which of the following is a common approach used to handle page faults?

Accepted Answer

Demand paging.

Answer

Buddy system allocation.

Answer

First-fit allocation.

Answer

Swapping.

Question 47

What is the primary function of a page table in a paging system?

Accepted Answer

To translate virtual addresses to physical addresses

Answer

To manage the allocation of physical memory frames

Answer

To protect memory from unauthorized access

Question 48

In paging, what is the term for the fixed-size block of memory that a page represents?

Accepted Answer

Page Frame

Answer

Segment

Answer

Virtual Memory

Answer

Page Table Entry

Question 49

Which memory allocation technique can lead to external fragmentation, where free memory exists but is unusable due to its scattered nature?

Accepted Answer

Contiguous Allocation

Answer

Segmentation

Answer

Swapping

Answer

Paging

Question 50

What is the primary benefit of using a multi-level page table structure?

Accepted Answer

Reduced page table size in memory

Answer

Increased flexibility in memory allocation

Answer

Simplified virtual memory management

Answer

Faster address translation speed

Question 51

Which of the following is NOT a disadvantage of using paging?

Accepted Answer

Increased memory utilization

Answer

Potential for page thrashing

Answer

Increased overhead for address translation

Answer

Increased memory management complexity

Question 52

What is the primary purpose of a Translation Lookaside Buffer (TLB) in a paging system?

Accepted Answer

To speed up address translation by caching recent page table entries

Answer

To manage the allocation of physical memory frames

Answer

To store the entire page table for faster access

Answer

To protect memory from unauthorized access

Question 53

A program uses 10 pages, but only 5 are loaded into physical memory at any given time. Which memory management technique is likely being used?

Accepted Answer

Demand Paging

Answer

Prepaging

Answer

Segmentation

Answer

Contiguous Allocation

Question 54

Which memory allocation technique divides a process into logical segments, each with its own protection and access rights?

Accepted Answer

Segmentation

Answer

Contiguous Allocation

Answer

Paging

Answer

Swapping