Hydropower: An Introduction to Renewable Energy from Water

Question 1

What type of energy conversion takes place in a hydropower system?

Accepted Answer

Mechanical to electrical

Answer

Electrical to mechanical

Answer

Chemical to electrical

Answer

Thermal to electrical

Question 2

Which factor does NOT influence the power output of a hydropower plant?

Accepted Answer

Air temperature

Answer

Height of the water drop

Answer

Flow rate of the water

Answer

Type of turbine used

Question 3

What is the main environmental concern associated with large hydropower dams?

Accepted Answer

Disruption of aquatic ecosystems

Answer

Deforestation

Answer

Displacement of wildlife

Answer

Greenhouse gas emissions

Question 4

What term describes the energy stored in water due to its position?

Accepted Answer

Potential energy

Answer

Kinetic energy

Answer

Gravitational energy

Answer

Hydraulic energy

Question 5

What is the function of a penstock in a hydropower system?

Accepted Answer

Controlling water flow to the turbine

Answer

Diverting water from the reservoir

Answer

Storing water for future use

Answer

Generating electricity

Question 6

What device converts the kinetic energy of falling water into mechanical energy?

Accepted Answer

Turbine

Answer

Propeller

Answer

Generator

Answer

Transformer

Question 7

Which component is not used in a hydropower system?

Accepted Answer

Solar panel

Answer

Dam

Answer

Turbine

Answer

Generator

Question 8

Which of the following is a disadvantage of hydropower?

Accepted Answer

Costly to build and maintain

Answer

Renewable and sustainable energy source

Answer

Can be used for both electricity generation and flood control

Answer

Can provide a reliable and dispatchable source of energy

Question 9

What is a potential drawback of using hydropower to generate electricity?

Accepted Answer

Hydropower requires large dams and reservoirs, which can harm the environment.

Answer

Hydropower is a renewable energy source.

Answer

Hydropower has a high energy density.

Answer

Hydropower can be used to meet peak energy demands.

Question 10

Identify the primary energy source utilized in hydropower generation.

Accepted Answer

Kinetic energy of flowing or falling water.

Answer

Kinetic energy of wind currents

Answer

Thermal energy from the sun's radiation

Answer

Chemical energy stored in fossil fuels

Question 11

Among the following, which is a potential environmental concern associated with hydropower development?

Accepted Answer

Obstruction of fish migration patterns

Answer

Improvement of water quality

Answer

Mitigation of flood risks

Answer

Reduction in carbon emissions

Question 12

What is a primary advantage offered by pumped storage hydropower systems?

Accepted Answer

Energy storage and management during peak demand periods

Answer

Enhanced fish migration

Answer

Reduced construction costs

Answer

Increased water storage capacity

Question 13

Identify the primary factors that influence the power output of a hydropower plant.

Accepted Answer

Water flow rate and hydraulic head

Answer

Solar radiation

Answer

Wind speed

Answer

Biomass availability

Question 14

What is the name of the rotating component within a turbine that directly converts the energy of water into mechanical energy?

Accepted Answer

Runner

Answer

Rotor

Answer

Stator

Answer

Impeller

Question 15

In hydropower, what is the term used to describe the vertical difference between water levels upstream and downstream of a dam?

Accepted Answer

Head

Answer

Power output

Answer

Efficiency

Answer

Flow rate

Question 16

Which type of hydropower system utilizes a barrage or weir to create a relatively small drop in water level?

Accepted Answer

Run-of-the-river

Answer

Pumped storage

Answer

Tidal

Answer

Dam

Question 17

Identify a disadvantage associated with hydropower:

Accepted Answer

High construction costs

Accepted Answer

Disruption of natural ecosystems

Answer

Low maintenance costs

Answer

Absence of greenhouse gas emissions

Question 18

Which is a key advantage of hydropower over other renewable energy sources like solar and wind?

Accepted Answer

Hydropower is a dependable energy source that is not intermittent.

Answer

Hydropower needs less land area than other renewable energy sources.

Answer

Hydropower is more cost-effective than other renewable energy sources.

Question 19

Which of the following is the primary renewable energy source for hydropower?

Accepted Answer

Moving water

Answer

Wind

Answer

Fossil fuels

Answer

Sunlight

Question 20

Which type of hydropower system utilizes a large dam to create a reservoir for water storage?

Accepted Answer

Reservoir-based hydropower

Answer

Tidal hydropower

Answer

Run-of-the-river hydropower

Question 21

What is the primary environmental concern associated with reservoir-based hydropower systems?

Accepted Answer

Disruption of aquatic ecosystems

Answer

Greenhouse gas emissions

Answer

Land use changes

Answer

Air pollution

Question 22

Which of the following is a key advantage of hydropower as a renewable energy source?

Accepted Answer

Reliability

Answer

Portability

Answer

Flexibility

Answer

Low cost

Question 23

What is the fundamental force that causes water to flow downhill in a hydropower system?

Accepted Answer

Gravity

Answer

Friction

Answer

Inertia

Answer

Buoyancy

Question 24

Which measurement is utilized to determine the energy generation potential of a hydropower site?

Accepted Answer

Flow rate

Answer

Dam height

Answer

Reservoir volume

Answer

Water depth

Question 25

What is the primary function of a penstock in a hydropower system?

Accepted Answer

Transfer water to the turbine

Answer

Generate electricity

Answer

Control the flow of water

Answer

Store water for future use

Question 26

Which of the following is not a type of turbine used in hydropower systems?

Accepted Answer

Gas turbine

Answer

Francis turbine

Answer

Pelton turbine

Answer

Kaplan turbine

Question 27

What is the device that converts alternating current (AC) to direct current (DC) in a hydropower system?

Accepted Answer

Rectifier

Answer

Capacitor

Answer

Inverter

Answer

Transformer