Abnormal Psychology: Understanding Mental Disorders

Question 1

Which symptom is NOT commonly associated with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)?

Accepted Answer

Panic attacks

Answer

Excessive worry

Answer

Muscle tension

Answer

Difficulty concentrating

Question 2

Which anxiety disorder is the most common in the general population?

Accepted Answer

Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)

Answer

Panic disorder

Answer

Social anxiety disorder

Answer

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)

Question 3

Which of the following best describes the defining characteristics of personality disorders in Cluster A of the DSM-5?

Accepted Answer

Peculiar or eccentric behavior, such as suspiciousness and social withdrawal

Answer

Grandiose and attention-seeking behaviors

Answer

Anxiety and mood disturbances

Answer

Impulsive and aggressive behaviors

Question 4

In depression, what is the negative cognitive triad and how does it affect an individual's perception of themselves, their surroundings, and the future?

Accepted Answer

A negative view of the self, the world, and the future

Answer

A positive view of the self, the world, and the future

Answer

A neutral view of the self, the world, and the future

Question 5

What is a key characteristic of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)?

Accepted Answer

Intrusive thoughts and repetitive behaviors

Answer

Excessive worry and fear

Answer

Sadness, hopelessness, and anhedonia

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT a core feature of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)?

Accepted Answer

Exaggerated sensory perceptions

Answer

Difficulty controlling worry

Answer

Physical symptoms of tension

Answer

Excessive worry

Question 7

Which of the following is a defining symptom of schizophrenia?

Accepted Answer

Hallucinations or delusions

Answer

Mood swings

Answer

Obsessions and compulsions

Answer

Social withdrawal

Question 8

Which type of therapy is particularly effective in modifying maladaptive thought patterns and behaviors?

Accepted Answer

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)

Answer

Humanistic therapy

Answer

Psychodynamic therapy

Answer

Psychoanalysis

Question 9

Which ethical principle requires psychologists to obtain explicit consent from clients before providing treatment?

Accepted Answer

Informed consent

Answer

Confidentiality

Answer

Beneficence

Answer

Justice

Question 10

Which neurochemical imbalance is frequently associated with depression?

Accepted Answer

Deficiency in serotonin levels

Answer

Deficient GABA

Answer

Excess glutamate

Answer

Increased dopamine levels

Question 11

Which of the following is a core symptom of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)?

Accepted Answer

Persistent, intrusive thoughts and repetitive behaviors

Answer

Extreme emotional outbursts

Answer

Excessive fear of contamination

Answer

Impaired social functioning

Question 12

According to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which of the following is a diagnostic criterion for antisocial personality disorder?

Accepted Answer

A history of disregard and violation of the rights of others

Answer

Grandiose sense of self-importance

Answer

Persistent sadness and loss of interest in activities

Question 13

Which type of mental health professional is authorized to prescribe medication in the United States?

Accepted Answer

Psychiatrist

Answer

Psychologist

Answer

Social worker

Answer

Counselor

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT a common symptom associated with schizophrenia?

Accepted Answer

Euphoria

Answer

Hallucinations

Answer

Disorganized thinking and speech

Answer

Delusions

Question 15

Which of the following is a well-established risk factor for developing major depressive disorder?

Accepted Answer

Family history of depression

Answer

Regular exercise

Answer

High self-esteem

Answer

Strong social support system

Question 16

Which type of psychotherapy emphasizes the identification and modification of maladaptive thoughts and behaviors?

Accepted Answer

Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT)

Answer

Psychoanalysis

Answer

Humanistic therapy

Answer

Gestalt therapy

Question 17

A hallmark characteristic of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is:

Accepted Answer

Unwanted and intrusive thoughts or images

Answer

Episodes of mania and depression

Answer

Hallucinations and delusions

Answer

Excessive worry and anxiety

Question 18

Which anxiety disorder is characterized by persistent, excessive worry about everyday events?

Accepted Answer

Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)

Answer

Social anxiety disorder

Answer

Panic disorder

Answer

Phobias

Question 19

Dissociative identity disorder (DID) is an example of a:

Accepted Answer

Dissociative disorder

Answer

Personality disorder

Answer

Eating disorder

Answer

Mood disorder

Question 20

The primary aim of psychopharmacology in treating mental disorders is to:

Accepted Answer

Alleviate and manage symptoms

Answer

Cure mental disorders

Answer

Study the effects of drugs on the brain

Answer

Prevent mental disorders

Question 21

Which of the following is a hallmark symptom of schizophrenia?

Accepted Answer

Experiencing hallucinations

Answer

Prolonged periods of low energy

Answer

Persistent feelings of sadness

Answer

Excessive worry and fear

Question 22

Borderline personality disorder is characterized by:

Accepted Answer

Intense emotions and unstable relationships

Answer

Loss of appetite

Answer

Beliefs of grandeur

Answer

Excessive sleeping

Question 23

According to the biopsychosocial model, the development of mental disorders is attributed to:

Accepted Answer

An interplay of biological, psychological, and social factors

Answer

Psychological factors exclusively

Answer

Biological factors exclusively

Question 24

A mental health professional who holds a doctorate in psychology and is licensed to diagnose and treat mental disorders is referred to as a:

Accepted Answer

Clinical psychologist

Answer

Social worker

Answer

Psychiatrist

Answer

Counselor

Question 25

The term 'culture-bound syndrome' pertains to:

Accepted Answer

Mental health symptoms specific to a particular cultural context

Answer

Mental health disorders solely caused by cultural factors

Answer

Mental health disorders found across all cultures

Question 26

Which of the following is NOT a diagnostic criterion for schizophrenia according to the DSM-5?

Accepted Answer

Persistent grandiose delusions

Answer

Disorganized speech

Answer

Hallucinations or delusions

Answer

Negative symptoms

Question 27

Which neurotransmitter is commonly associated with major depressive disorder?

Accepted Answer

Serotonin

Answer

Acetylcholine

Answer

Epinephrine

Answer

Dopamine

Question 28

Which personality disorder is characterized by a pattern of extreme emotional instability and impulsive behavior?

Accepted Answer

Borderline Personality Disorder

Answer

Histrionic Personality Disorder

Answer

Antisocial Personality Disorder

Answer

Narcissistic Personality Disorder

Question 29

Which of the following is a primary symptom of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)?

Accepted Answer

Repetitive thoughts and/or compulsions

Answer

Phobias

Answer

Excessive worry

Answer

Emotional outbursts

Question 30

Which of the following is a type of dissociative disorder?

Accepted Answer

Depersonalization-Derealization Disorder

Answer

Schizophrenia

Answer

Generalized Anxiety Disorder

Question 31

Which of the following is a potential treatment for PTSD?

Accepted Answer

Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR)

Answer

Antipsychotics

Answer

Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT)

Question 32

Which of the following is a key characteristic of bipolar disorder?

Accepted Answer

Episodes of mania alternating with periods of depression

Answer

Excessive anxiety

Answer

Persistent psychotic symptoms

Question 33

Which of the following is NOT a diagnostic criterion for Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)?

Accepted Answer

Persistent sadness

Answer

Muscle tension

Answer

Excessive worry and difficulty controlling worry

Answer

Restlessness or feeling keyed up

Question 34

Which of the following is a symptom of schizophrenia?

Accepted Answer

Hallucinations

Answer

Persistent sadness

Answer

Mania

Answer

Depersonalization

Question 35

Which of the following is a type of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) commonly used to treat anxiety disorders?

Accepted Answer

Exposure and response prevention (ERP)

Answer

Dialectical behavior therapy (DBT)

Answer

Client-centered therapy

Answer

Humanistic therapy

Question 36

What is the main difference between a phobia and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)?

Accepted Answer

Phobias are specific fears of particular objects or situations, while GAD is characterized by chronic worry about multiple topics.

Answer

Phobias are more severe than GAD.

Answer

GAD is more common than phobias.

Question 37

Which of the following is a characteristic of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)?

Accepted Answer

Repetitive thoughts and behaviors

Answer

Mania

Answer

Persistent sadness

Answer

Hallucinations

Question 38

What is the primary goal of psychodynamic therapy?

Accepted Answer

To uncover unconscious conflicts and promote insight into their origins and impact on current behavior

Answer

To enhance self-esteem

Answer

To change maladaptive behaviors

Question 39

Which of the following is a risk factor for developing an eating disorder?

Accepted Answer

Body dissatisfaction

Answer

Strong social support

Answer

Healthy coping mechanisms

Answer

High self-esteem

Question 40

What is the primary symptom of bipolar disorder?

Accepted Answer

Alternating episodes of mania and depression

Answer

Excessive worry

Answer

Persistent sadness

Answer

Hallucinations

Question 41

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic symptom of schizophrenia?

Accepted Answer

Normal speech and language patterns

Answer

Delusions, or false beliefs

Answer

Disorganized thinking and speech

Answer

Hallucinations, such as hearing voices

Question 42

Which of the following is a recognized risk factor for developing mood disorders?

Accepted Answer

A family history of mood disorders

Answer

Prolonged exposure to sunlight

Answer

Regular exercise

Answer

Excessive caffeine intake

Question 43

The primary focus of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) is to:

Accepted Answer

Identify and modify negative thought patterns and behaviors

Answer

Reduce symptoms without addressing underlying causes

Answer

Provide coping strategies for stress management

Answer

Enhance self-esteem through positive affirmations

Question 44

In the context of abnormal psychology, the term 'stigma' refers to:

Accepted Answer

Negative stereotypes and prejudices associated with mental illness

Answer

The fear of seeking professional help for mental health concerns

Answer

The social isolation experienced by individuals with mental illness

Answer

The legal consequences of having a mental illness

Question 45

What is a key diagnostic criterion for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)?

Accepted Answer

Recurring, intrusive thoughts (obsessions) and/or repetitive behaviors (compulsions)

Answer

Excessive worry about the future

Answer

Persistent feelings of guilt or shame

Answer

Impaired social functioning

Question 46

The ethical principle that emphasizes the importance of protecting client confidentiality is known as:

Accepted Answer

Privacy

Answer

Autonomy

Answer

Justice

Answer

Beneficence

Question 47

Which of the following is a characteristic symptom of bipolar disorder?

Accepted Answer

Alternating periods of extreme mood elevation (mania) and depression

Answer

Persistent feelings of sadness and worthlessness

Answer

Uncontrollable panic attacks

Answer

Compulsive handwashing and checking rituals

Question 48

The biopsychosocial model of abnormal psychology emphasizes the interplay of which factors in understanding mental health?

Accepted Answer

Biological, psychological, and social factors

Answer

Environmental factors alone

Answer

Cognitive factors alone

Answer

Genetic factors alone

Question 49

A client presents with excessive worry, restlessness, and difficulty concentrating for the past six months. They also report sleep problems and fatigue. Which of the following diagnoses is most likely?

Accepted Answer

Generalized Anxiety Disorder

Answer

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

Answer

Major Depressive Disorder

Answer

Panic Disorder

Question 50

Which of the following is a core symptom of schizophrenia?

Accepted Answer

Delusions

Answer

Excessive energy and motivation

Answer

Disorganized thinking

Answer

Hallucinations

Question 51

A therapist uses a technique where they help clients identify and challenge negative thought patterns. Which therapeutic approach is this most likely to be?

Accepted Answer

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)

Answer

Psychodynamic Therapy

Answer

Motivational Interviewing

Answer

Narrative Therapy

Question 52

A client with a history of trauma experiences flashbacks, nightmares, and avoids situations that trigger memories of the event. Which diagnosis is most consistent with these symptoms?

Accepted Answer

Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)

Answer

Generalized Anxiety Disorder

Answer

Major Depressive Disorder

Answer

Social Anxiety Disorder

Question 53

Which of the following is a major contributing factor to the development of mental health disorders according to the biopsychosocial model?

Accepted Answer

All of the above

Answer

Biological factors (e.g., genetics)

Answer

Social factors (e.g., environmental stressors)

Answer

Psychological factors (e.g., coping skills)

Question 54

A client presents with a persistent fear of social situations, leading to significant avoidance and distress. This is most consistent with which disorder?

Accepted Answer

Social Anxiety Disorder (SAD)

Answer

Specific Phobia

Answer

Agoraphobia

Answer

Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)

Question 55

Which of the following is a recognized diagnostic category in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5)?

Accepted Answer

Narcissistic Personality Disorder

Answer

Antisocial Personality Disorder

Answer

Multiple Personality Disorder

Answer

Borderline Personality Disorder

Question 56

A client exhibits periods of intense mood swings, including extreme highs (mania) and lows (depression). This pattern is most consistent with which disorder?

Accepted Answer

Bipolar Disorder

Answer

Major Depressive Disorder

Answer

Schizophrenia

Answer

Generalized Anxiety Disorder

Question 57

Which of the following therapeutic approaches emphasizes the importance of unconscious processes and early childhood experiences?

Accepted Answer

Psychodynamic Therapy

Answer

Humanistic Therapy

Answer

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)

Answer

Behavioral Therapy

Question 58

A client reports frequent episodes of intense fear and discomfort accompanied by physical symptoms like heart palpitations, dizziness, and shortness of breath. Which of the following disorders is most likely?

Accepted Answer

Panic Disorder

Answer

Social Anxiety Disorder

Answer

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

Answer

Generalized Anxiety Disorder