Digestive System Quizzes: Test Your Knowledge on Anatomy and Physiology

Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a function of the liver in the digestive process?

Accepted Answer

Secreting enzymes that aid in carbohydrate digestion

Answer

Producing bile for fat breakdown

Answer

Storing glucose by converting it into glycogen

Answer

Filtering and detoxifying blood

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT a primary function of the liver?

Accepted Answer

To regulate body temperature

Answer

To detoxify the blood

Answer

To produce bile

Answer

To store glycogen

Question 3

Peristalsis, an involuntary muscle movement, is essential for digestion. What is its main purpose?

Accepted Answer

Moves food and liquids through the digestive system

Answer

Breaks down carbohydrates into sugars

Answer

Absorbs water from the large intestine

Answer

Triggers the release of digestive enzymes

Question 4

How do enzymes facilitate the chemical breakdown of food during digestion?

Accepted Answer

Enzymes act as biological catalysts, reducing the activation energy needed for chemical reactions.

Answer

Enzymes physically break down food into smaller particles for easier absorption.

Answer

Enzymes aid in neutralizing acids and bases within the digestive tract.

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT a structural feature of the small intestine?

Accepted Answer

Serosa

Answer

Villi

Answer

Microvilli

Answer

Crypts of Lieberkühn

Question 6

Identify the enzyme primarily responsible for initiating protein digestion in the stomach.

Accepted Answer

Pepsin

Answer

Amylase

Answer

Lactase

Answer

Lipase

Question 7

Which anatomical structure in the stomach secretes hydrochloric acid?

Accepted Answer

Gastric glands

Answer

Duodenum

Answer

Pyloric valve

Answer

Esophageal sphincter

Question 8

Where does the primary absorption of nutrients occur during the digestive process?

Accepted Answer

Small intestine

Answer

Large intestine

Answer

Stomach

Answer

Esophagus

Question 9

Which hormone is responsible for stimulating the pancreas to release digestive enzymes?

Accepted Answer

Cholecystokinin (CCK)

Answer

Gastrin

Answer

Insulin

Answer

Glucagon

Question 10

What is the primary structural adaptation of the small intestine that increases its surface area for nutrient absorption?

Accepted Answer

Villi

Answer

Lacteals

Answer

Crypts of Lieberkühn

Answer

Mucosa

Question 11

What is the process by which undigested material is eliminated from the body?

Accepted Answer

Defecation

Answer

Absorption

Answer

Secretion

Answer

Peristalsis

Question 12

What is the main function of the esophagus in the digestive system?

Accepted Answer

Transport food from the mouth to the stomach

Answer

Produce digestive enzymes

Answer

Absorb nutrients

Answer

Store waste products

Question 13

Which of the following is a common digestive disorder characterized by inflammation of the stomach lining?

Accepted Answer

Gastritis

Answer

Ulcerative colitis

Answer

Pancreatitis

Answer

Appendicitis

Question 14

Which part of the digestive system is primarily responsible for nutrient absorption?

Accepted Answer

Small intestine

Answer

Liver

Answer

Stomach

Answer

Esophagus

Question 15

What salivary enzyme initiates the digestion of carbohydrates?

Accepted Answer

Amylase

Answer

Lipase

Answer

Pepsin

Answer

Trypsin

Question 16

Which structure is responsible for the initial mechanical breakdown of food?

Accepted Answer

Teeth

Answer

Stomach

Answer

Small intestine

Answer

Liver

Question 17

Which hormone triggers the secretion of gastric juices?

Accepted Answer

Gastrin

Answer

Adrenaline

Answer

Insulin

Answer

Glucagon

Question 18

What type of stomach cell secretes hydrochloric acid?

Accepted Answer

Parietal cells

Answer

Enterocytes

Answer

Goblet cells

Answer

Chief cells

Question 19

What is the primary role of the large intestine in the digestive process?

Accepted Answer

Water absorption and waste storage

Answer

Hormone production

Answer

Nutrient absorption

Answer

Enzymatic digestion

Question 20

Which common digestive disorder primarily affects the small intestine?

Accepted Answer

Celiac disease

Answer

Gastritis

Answer

Hepatitis

Answer

Ulcerative colitis

Question 21

What type of muscle is present in the walls of the digestive tract?

Accepted Answer

Smooth muscle

Answer

Striated muscle

Answer

Skeletal muscle

Answer

Cardiac muscle

Question 22

Which of the following is NOT a function of saliva in the mouth?

Accepted Answer

Digestion of proteins

Answer

Prevention of bacterial infections

Answer

Lubrication and moistening of food

Answer

Initiation of starch hydrolysis

Question 23

Which section of the digestive tract is responsible for the majority of nutrient absorption and has a highly folded lining?

Accepted Answer

Small intestine

Answer

Mouth

Answer

Stomach

Answer

Large intestine

Question 24

Which hormone, produced by the stomach, stimulates the secretion of gastric juices, increasing gastric acidity and blood flow?

Accepted Answer

Gastrin

Answer

Secretin

Answer

Cholecystokinin

Answer

Insulin

Question 25

What is the primary function of the large intestine in the digestive process?

Accepted Answer

Water absorption and waste consolidation

Answer

Nutrient absorption

Answer

Stomach acid production

Answer

Peristalsis

Question 26

Which organ synthesizes and secretes bile?

Accepted Answer

Liver

Answer

Pancreas

Answer

Gallbladder

Answer

Spleen

Question 27

The villi and microvilli in the small intestine increase the surface area for:

Accepted Answer

Absorption

Answer

Propulsion

Answer

Secretion

Answer

Digestion

Question 28

The involuntary rhythmic contractions that propel food through the digestive tract are known as:

Accepted Answer

Peristalsis

Answer

Diffusion

Answer

Segmentation

Question 29

Which hormone inhibits gastric acid secretion, stimulates the production of bicarbonate ions, and increases pancreatic enzyme secretion?

Accepted Answer

Secretin

Answer

Cholecystokinin

Answer

Gastrin

Answer

Insulin

Question 30

Which gastric structure secretes hydrochloric acid, a key component of gastric juice?

Accepted Answer

Gastric glands

Answer

Pancreas

Answer

Liver

Answer

Salivary glands

Question 31

Which enzyme is primarily responsible for the digestion of proteins in the stomach?

Accepted Answer

Pepsin

Answer

Sucrase

Answer

Amylase

Answer

Lipase

Question 32

What is the primary function of the villi that line the small intestine?

Accepted Answer

To increase the surface area for nutrient absorption

Answer

To store food

Answer

To secrete digestive enzymes

Question 33

Which organ is responsible for producing bile, an essential component for fat digestion?

Accepted Answer

Liver

Answer

Stomach

Answer

Pancreas

Answer

Gallbladder

Question 34

What is the primary function of the large intestine?

Accepted Answer

To absorb water and electrolytes

Answer

To store food

Answer

To digest carbohydrates

Answer

To secrete digestive enzymes

Question 35

Which of the following is not typically considered a symptom of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)?

Accepted Answer

Diarrhea

Answer

Heartburn

Answer

Chest pain

Answer

Regurgitation

Question 36

Which of the following factors is a known contributor to constipation?

Accepted Answer

Dehydration

Answer

Excessive exercise

Answer

High fiber diet

Answer

Regular bowel movements

Question 37

What is the name of the condition characterized by inflammation of the small intestine, often triggered by gluten?

Accepted Answer

Celiac disease

Answer

Ulcerative colitis

Answer

Irritable bowel syndrome

Answer

Crohn's disease

Question 38

Which of the following is the primary function of the small intestine?

Accepted Answer

Digestion and absorption of nutrients

Answer

Storage of undigested food

Answer

Elimination of waste products

Answer

Secretion of digestive enzymes

Question 39

Which enzyme is responsible for the breakdown of fats?

Accepted Answer

Lipase

Answer

Lactase

Answer

Amylase

Answer

Protease

Question 40

What is the primary function of the villi in the small intestine?

Accepted Answer

Increase surface area for absorption of nutrients

Answer

Secrete digestive enzymes

Answer

Store undigested food temporarily

Answer

Contract to move food along the intestine

Question 41

What is the main component of gastric juice?

Accepted Answer

Hydrochloric acid

Answer

Pepsin

Answer

Bile

Answer

Lipase

Question 42

Which of the following is the first section of the large intestine?

Accepted Answer

Cecum

Answer

Rectum

Answer

Anus

Answer

Colon

Question 43

What is the primary function of the pancreas?

Accepted Answer

Secretion of digestive enzymes and hormones

Answer

Storage of bile

Answer

Absorption of nutrients

Answer

Production of gastric juice

Question 44

Which of the following is a common symptom of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)?

Accepted Answer

Heartburn

Answer

Abdominal pain

Answer

Diarrhea

Answer

Constipation

Question 45

What is the primary function of the esophagus?

Accepted Answer

Transport food from the mouth to the stomach

Answer

Secrete digestive enzymes

Answer

Store food before digestion

Answer

Absorb nutrients

Question 46

Which enzyme is responsible for initiating carbohydrate breakdown in the mouth?

Accepted Answer

Salivary amylase

Answer

Lipase

Answer

Lactase

Answer

Pepsin

Question 47

Identify the primary function of the stomach in the digestive process.

Accepted Answer

Mechanical breakdown of food and secretion of gastric acid.

Answer

Bile production

Answer

Nutrient absorption

Question 48

Which hormone triggers the release of bile from the gallbladder?

Accepted Answer

Cholecystokinin (CCK)

Answer

Gastrin

Answer

Insulin

Answer

Secretin

Question 49

What is the primary function of the large intestine?

Accepted Answer

Absorption of water and electrolytes from undigested matter.

Answer

Protein and fat digestion

Answer

Enzyme production for digestion

Question 50

Identify the first segment of the small intestine.

Accepted Answer

Duodenum

Answer

Ileum

Answer

Jejunum

Question 51

What is the main function of the esophagus?

Accepted Answer

Transporting food from the mouth to the stomach

Answer

Waste storage

Answer

Nutrient absorption

Answer

Enzyme production for digestion

Question 52

Which symptom is not typically associated with Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)?

Accepted Answer

Fever

Answer

Constipation

Answer

Diarrhea

Answer

Abdominal pain

Question 53

Which type of tissue lines the interior of the digestive tract?

Accepted Answer

Mucosa

Answer

Adventitia

Answer

Serosa

Answer

Submucosa