Pharmacokinetics: Understanding Drug Movement in the Body

Question 1

Which administration route results in the fastest onset of drug action?

Accepted Answer

Intravenous injection

Answer

Oral administration

Answer

Intramuscular injection

Answer

Subcutaneous injection

Question 2

What term describes the movement of a drug from the bloodstream to its site of action?

Accepted Answer

Distribution

Answer

Excretion

Answer

Metabolism

Answer

Absorption

Question 3

Which factor does NOT influence drug metabolism?

Accepted Answer

Route of administration

Answer

Age of the patient

Answer

Liver function

Answer

Genetic makeup

Question 4

Which organ is primarily responsible for eliminating drugs from the body?

Accepted Answer

Kidneys

Answer

Lungs

Answer

Liver

Answer

Skin

Question 5

What process involves converting a drug into a less active or inactive form?

Accepted Answer

Metabolism

Answer

Absorption

Answer

Distribution

Answer

Elimination

Question 6

In elderly patients, altered drug pharmacokinetics can potentially lead to:

Accepted Answer

Both increased toxicity and decreased efficacy

Answer

Increased drug toxicity

Answer

Decreased drug efficacy

Answer

Neither increased toxicity nor decreased efficacy

Question 7

What term refers to the volume of body fluid into which a drug is distributed?

Accepted Answer

Volume of distribution

Answer

Clearance

Answer

Bioavailability

Answer

Half-life

Question 8

Which term describes the relationship between drug concentration and its pharmacological effect?

Accepted Answer

Pharmacodynamics

Answer

Pharmacokinetics

Answer

Pharmacology

Answer

Toxicology

Question 9

Which of the following factors does NOT influence the absorption of a drug from the gastrointestinal tract?

Accepted Answer

Molecular weight of the drug

Answer

Gastric pH

Answer

Blood flow to the absorption site

Answer

Surface area available for absorption

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT a factor that can affect drug absorption?

Accepted Answer

Race

Answer

Stomach pH

Answer

Age

Answer

Blood flow to the absorption site

Question 11

Which of the following organs is primarily responsible for drug excretion?

Accepted Answer

Kidneys

Answer

Lungs

Answer

Skin

Answer

Liver

Question 12

The volume of distribution (Vd) of a drug is an indicator of:

Accepted Answer

The extent to which a drug is distributed throughout the body

Answer

The amount of drug that is bound to plasma proteins

Answer

The rate at which a drug is eliminated from the body

Question 13

Which of the following drugs has a high protein binding affinity?

Accepted Answer

Warfarin

Answer

Aspirin

Answer

Ibuprofen

Answer

Salicylic acid

Question 14

The half-life of a drug is the time it takes for the:

Accepted Answer

Concentration of the drug in the body to decrease by half

Answer

Drug to be completely eliminated from the body

Answer

Drug to reach its peak concentration in the blood

Question 15

The therapeutic index of a drug is a measure of:

Accepted Answer

The ratio of the toxic dose to the therapeutic dose

Answer

The volume of distribution of the drug

Answer

The concentration of drug in the blood

Question 16

The process by which drugs are moved from the blood into tissues is known as:

Accepted Answer

Distribution

Answer

Excretion

Answer

Absorption

Answer

Metabolism

Question 17

The process by which a drug is made inactive and prepared for elimination from the body is known as:

Accepted Answer

Metabolism

Answer

Absorption

Answer

Distribution

Answer

Excretion

Question 18

The volume of distribution is a measure of:

Accepted Answer

The apparent volume of fluid in which the drug is distributed

Answer

The rate at which the drug is absorbed

Answer

The concentration of the drug in the blood

Question 19

What is the term for the time it takes for the concentration of a drug in the body to decrease by half?

Accepted Answer

Elimination half-life

Answer

Biological half-life

Answer

Distribution half-life

Answer

Absorption half-life

Question 20

What is the term for the movement of a drug from the site of administration into the bloodstream?

Accepted Answer

Absorption

Answer

Excretion

Answer

Distribution

Answer

Metabolism

Question 21

Which of the following is NOT a factor that can affect drug absorption?

Accepted Answer

Gender

Answer

Blood flow to the site of administration

Answer

Solubility of the drug

Answer

Route of administration

Question 22

What is the term for the process by which a drug is removed from the body?

Accepted Answer

Excretion

Answer

Distribution

Answer

Metabolism

Answer

Absorption

Question 23

Which of the following is NOT a pathway for drug metabolism?

Accepted Answer

Excretion

Answer

Phase II reactions

Answer

Cytochrome P450 metabolism

Answer

Phase I reactions

Question 24

The volume of distribution can be used to estimate:

Accepted Answer

The amount of drug in the body

Answer

The clearance of the drug

Answer

The rate of drug absorption

Answer

The half-life of the drug

Question 25

The clearance of a drug is defined as:

Accepted Answer

The volume of plasma from which the drug is eliminated per unit time

Answer

The concentration of drug in the blood

Answer

The amount of drug eliminated per unit time

Question 26

Which of the following is an example of a zero-order elimination process?

Accepted Answer

Alcohol

Answer

Insulin

Answer

Warfarin

Answer

Aspirin